LOCATION OSSINEKE                MI

Established Series
Rev. AAC-TEW-MLK
08/2012

OSSINEKE SERIES

The Ossineke series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in loamy basal till on ground moraines, disintegration moraines, and drumlins. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 737 mm (29 inches), and the mean annual temperature is about 6.7 degrees C (44 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, frigid Oxyaquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Ossineke fine sandy loam, on a northwest-facing, concave, 2 percent slope in a hayfield at an elevation of about 244 meters (800 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described on June 9, 1994 the soil was moist throughout.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (10 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 inches) thick]

Bw--25 to 38 cm (10 to 15 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium platy structure; friable; common fine roots; 5 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt broken boundary. [0 to 15 cm (6 inches) thick]

E/B--38 to 56 cm (15 to 22 inches); 60 percent light brown (7.5YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry (E); weak medium platy structure; friable; 40 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay loam (Bt); moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; 5 percent gravel; about 40 percent of horizon is brittle; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [5 to 25 cm (2 to 10 inches) thick]

Bt1--56 to 89 cm (22 to 35 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm; common fine roots; many faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--89 to 104 cm (35 to 41 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; common fine roots; common distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; 5 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 15 to 66 cm (6 to 26 inches).]

C--104 to 203 cm (41 to 80 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium platiness inherited from parent material; firm; about 5 percent gravel and 3 percent cobbles; slight brittleness in places; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Alpena County, Michigan; about 2 miles south of the village of Spratt; 1,780 feet north and 2,200 east of the southwest corner of sec. 19, T. 30 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Beaver Lake, MI 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 58 minutes 42.67 seconds N. and long. 83 degrees 45 minutes 32.12 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the argillic horizon: 25 to 127 cm (10 to 50 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 51 to 114 cm (20 to 45 inches)
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations: 38 to 102 cm (15 to 40 inches) in the lower part of the E/B or B/E horizon and in the Bt horizon on faces of peds
Argillic horizon: 18 to 35 percent clay
Rock fragment content: 1 to 12 percent gravel and 0 to 4 percent cobbles throughout
Series control section: 1 to 15 percent rock fragments
Mean annual soil temperature: 7.2 to 8.3 degrees C (45 to 47 degrees F)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1
Texture: fine sandy loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Bw horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy loam or fine sandy loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

E horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Reaction: strongly acid

E part of the E/B or B/E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam or fine sandy loam

Bt part of the E/B or B/E horizon, and the Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: clay loam, loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam; thin discontinuous lenses of sand, gravelly sand, loamy sand, or silt loam are in some pedons
Consistence: firm to extremely firm; those that are extremely firm have strongly expressed medium platiness and redoximorphic concentrations along fracture planes
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

2C horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sand or loamy sand, or the gravelly analogues of these textures
Rock fragment content: 2 to 25 percent

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Ossineke soils are on ground moraines, drumlins, and disintegration moraines of Wisconsinan age. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. These soils formed in fractured till that is underlain by coarse textured stratified glaciofluvium at varying depths. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 813 mm (27 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 6.1 to 7.2 degrees C (43 to 45 degrees F). Frost-free period is 100 to 140 days. Elevation is 183 to 305 meters (600 to 1000 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bamfield, Slade, and Angelica soils. Bamfield soils are well drained and are on slopes greater than 12 percent. Slade soils are somewhat poorly drained and are on lower positions on the landscape. Angelica soils are poorly drained or very poorly drained, do not have an argillic horizon, and are in depressions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Potential for surface runoff is low to high depending on slope gradients. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low. Permeability is slow. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 46 to 107 cm (1.5 to 3.5 feet) between October and May in normal years.

USE AND VEGETATION: A major portion of the soil is cropland. Grass hay, alfalfa, oats, and corn are the principal crops. Tree species in forested areas include sugar maple, northern red oak, American basswood, bigtooth aspen, paper birch, American beech, and white ash. Bigleaf aster, Canada mayflower, and downy yellow violet are common understory plants.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94A and 96 in the northeast quarter of the lower peninsula of Michigan. This series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Montmorency County, Michigan, 1995.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 25 cm (10 inches) (Ap horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 38 to 56 cm (15 to 22 inches) (E/B horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 56 to 104 cm (22 to 41 inches) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).

A sandy substratum phase is recognized.

This soil was mapped as Bamfield, moderately well drained, prior to 1992 in MLRA 94A.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.