LOCATION SLADE MI

Established Series
Rev. WEP-JOW-MLK
08/2012

SLADE SERIES

The Slade series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in loamy till on moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C (43 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Slade loam, on a southeast-facing, concave, 3 percent slope in a hayfield at an elevation of 363 meters (1,190 feet) and was described on May 31, 1994 (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (10 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; about 3 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches) thick)]

B/E--25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches); 70 percent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; surrounded by brown (7.5YR 5/2) sandy loam (E), pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry; common medium prominent black (N 2.5/) worm casts; common medium prominent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 3 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt broken boundary. [5 to 20 cm (2 to 8 inches) thick]

Bt1--30 to 41 cm (12 to 16 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 3 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--41 to 53 cm (16 to 21 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent black (N 2.5/) worm casts; common fine prominent black (N 2.5/) iron-manganese masses; common medium prominent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 3 percent gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt3--53 to 71 cm (21 to 28 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) and many coarse faint light brown (7.5YR 6/3) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 3 percent gravel; few fine distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/3) carbonate masses on faces of peds; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches).]

C1--71 to 91 cm (28 to 36 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; moderate thick platy fragments inherent from deposition; firm; pockets of reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very fine sandy loam throughout; many fine prominent greenish gray (5GY 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; many fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 1 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

C2--91 to 203 cm (36 to 80 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) loam; moderate thick platy fragments inherent from deposition; firm; pockets of brown (10YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam throughout; about 1 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Otsego county, Michigan; 840 feet north and 2,350 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 27, T. 31 N.,R. 2 W., Dover Township; USGS Sparr, Michigan 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 02 minutes 34.53 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 30 minutes 51.42 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates: 46 to 71 cm (18 to 28 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 38 to 89 cm (15 to 35 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 27 to 35 percent clay and 30 and 40 percent fine sand or coarser
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
Redoximorphic features: redox concentrations are below the A horizon and extend into the argillic horizon; redox depletions are in the upper 25 cm (10 inches) of the argillic horizon; saturation occurs in the upper 25 cm (10 inches) of the argillic horizon at some time in normal years

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 2
Texture: fine sandy loam or loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

A horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1
Texture: fine sandy loam or loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

E horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

E part of the B/E or E/B horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 2
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Bt part of the B/E or E/B horizon and the Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam, clay loam or sandy clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: typically loam or clay loam

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are Crossett, Elcajon, and Peshtigo series. Crossett soils are deeper than 89 cm (35 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon. Elcajon soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Peshtigo soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 71 cm (28 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Slade soils are on moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Slade soils formed in loamy till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 1016 mm (28 to 40 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 4.4 to 7.2 degrees C (40 to 45 degrees F). Frost-free period is 80 to 110 days. Elevation is 183 to 412 meters (600 to 1,350 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Angelica, Bamfield, Morganlake, and Ossineke soils. The Bamfield soils are well drained and are on slopes greater than 12 percent. The Morganlake and Ossineke soils are on a slightly higher landscape position and are moderately well drained. In addition the Morganlake soils have a sandy surface mantle. The Angelica soils are poorly drained or very poorly drained, do not have an argillic horizon, and are in depressions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Depth the top of a seasonal high water table ranges from 15 to 76 cm (0.5 to 2.5 feet) between September and December and between April and June in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is low or medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderately slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas of Slade are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. Some areas are used for pastureland. Some areas are in woodland. Native vegetation is a northern hardwood forest. Common trees are sugar maple, American beech, American basswood, yellow birch, red maple, white spruce, eastern hemlock, quaking aspen and American elm.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 94A in the northern half of Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Otsego County, Michigan, 1997.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 25 cm (10 inches) (Ap horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 25 to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches) (B/E horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 25 to 71 cm (10 to 28 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3).
Aquic conditions: redoximorphic features present between the depth of 25 and 91 cm (10 and 36 inches) (B/E, Bt, and C1 horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.