LOCATION OMRO WI

Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011

OMRO SERIES

The Omro series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in clayey till overlying loamy tillon ground moraines. Slope ranges from 1 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 9.4 degrees C (49 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey over loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Omro clay loam - on a northwest-facing convex slope of 4 percent cropped to corn at an elevation of about 241 meters (790 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]

Bt1--20 to 33 cm (8 to 13 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; common worm casts of Ap material; about 5 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--33 to 51 cm (13 to 20 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay; strong very fine angular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; many faint clay films on faces of peds; about 8 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3--51 to 71 cm (20 to 28 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; firm; common fine roots; many faint clay films on faces of peds; about 8 percent gravel; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 33 to 69 cm (13 to 27 inches).]

BC--71 to 91 cm (28 to 36 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay; moderate medium prismatic structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine pink (5YR 7/4) soft carbonate accumulations; about 8 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 31 cm (0 to 12 inches) thick]

2C--91 to 152 cm (36 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix in the upper part; about 25 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Winnebago County, Wisconsin; about 3 miles south of Oshkosh; about 1,150 feet south and 400 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 18, T. 17 N., R. 17 E. USGS Van Dyne, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 56 minutes 55 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 31 minutes 20 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic and to the base of soil development: 61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 inches), commonly is shallower than depth to the base of argillic horizon
Thickness of the clayey till and depth to loamy till: 61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 inches)
Clay content in the clayey part of the particle-size control section: averages 40 to 65 percent
Content of fine sand or coarser in the clayey part of the particle-size control section: averages 4 to 20 percent
Clay content in the loamy part of the particle-size control section: averages 3 to 15 percent
Content of total sand in the loamy part of the particle-size control section: averages 50 to 75 percent
volume of gravel in the clayey till: 1 to 10 percent
Volume of gravel in the loamy till: 10 to 50 percent
Volume of cobbles in the loamy till: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral in the upper part, neutral to moderately alkaline in the lower part of the clayey deposit; slightly or moderately alkaline in the loamy till
Redox features and saturation: within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches) for 1 month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.

Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, dry color value exceeds 5.5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: clay loam or loam

A horizon [less than 13 cm (5 inches) thick]:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 0 to 2
Texture: clay loam or loam.

E horizon (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: clay loam or silty clay loam.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: clay or silty clay; in some pedon, clay loam or silty clay loam subhorizons

C horizon (whrer present):
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: clay or silty clay; in some pedon, clay loam or silty clay loam subhorizons

2C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or gravelly or very gravelly analogs.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Related series in other families are Borth, Kewaunee, and Kolberg. Borth soils are Sandy in the lower part of the series control section. Kewaunee soils are clayey throughout the series control section. Kolberg soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Omro soils are on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 1 to 12 percent. These soils formed in calcareous, clayey till overlying calcareous, loamy till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 710 to 815 mm (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.2 to 11.1 degrees C (45 to 52 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Kewaunee soils and the Hochheim, Manawa, and Poygan soils. Kewaunee soils occupy similar positions on the landscape. Hochheim soils occupy similar positions on the landscape where the underlying loamy till was not buried by the more recently deposited reddish clayey till. The B horizon of Hochheim soils contains more sand and less clay. The somewhat poorly drained Manawa and poorly drained Poygan soils occupy drainageways that separate higher areas of Omro soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is high or very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity moderately low to moderately high (0.42 to 4.23 micrometers per second) in the clayey till and moderately high to high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers per second) in the loamy till. Permeability is moderately slow or slow in the clayey till and moderate in the loamy till. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 61 to 107 cm (2 to 3.5 feet) for 1 month or more in 6 or more out of 10 years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is used for cropland. Common crops are corn, oats, and alfalfa. Small areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is deciduous forest. Common trees are sugar maple, northern red oak, American basswood, and white ash.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 95A in east-central Wisconsin. The Omro soils are of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Winnebago County, Wisconsin, 1975.

REMARKS: This soil was mapped as inclusions of the Kewaunee series in adjacent counties to Winnebago County.

11/04 4700 acres with a well drained typical pedon were correlated as a temperature taxadjunct in Door County, WI because they are in the frigid temperature zone. A new series is needed.

11/04 3020 acres are correlated in Kewaunee County, WI where the well drained typical pedon has a glossic horizon (Haplic Glossudalf). A new series is needed.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches) (Ap); argillic horizon - 20 to 71 cm (8 to 28 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3); Oxyaquic feature redox accumulations and saturation within 102 cm (40 inches).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number S75WI-139-001 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.