LOCATION OSTRANDER               MN+IA

Established Series
Rev. JFC-TWN-LDC
09/2017

OSTRANDER SERIES

The Ostrander series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in 75 to 150 centimeters of silty or loamy sediments and in the underlying till. These soils are on summits, side slopes, or shoulder slopes on dissected till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 18 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 910 millimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Ostrander loam, on a convex, east-facing slope of 3 percent, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 23 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--23 to 38 centimeters; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 49 centimeters.)

AB--38 to 48 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 centimeters thick)

Bw1--48 to 79 centimeters; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (20 to 90 centimeters thick)

2Bw2--79 to 114 centimeters; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; about 2 percent mixed rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (20 to 100 centimeters thick)

2BC1--114 to 150 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure dissected by few oblique fractures; firm; about 2 percent mixed rock fragments; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

2BC2--150 to 200 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate coarse and extremely coarse prismatic structure dissected by few oblique fractures; firm; common fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese masses; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; about 5 percent mixed rock fragments; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 104-Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies, Bremer County, Iowa subset; about 2 miles west and 1 mile north of Waverly; located about 1,800 feet east and 735 feet north of the southwest corner of section 30, T. 92 N., R. 14 W.; USGS Shell Rock topographic quadrangle; lat 42.7467766 degrees and long -92.5477219 degrees, WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon--25 to 48 centimeters
Depth to till--75 to 150 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--more than 125 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--20 to 27 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--30 to 60 percent
Special feature--some pedons have a stone line or thin layer, 2 to 13 centimeters thick, of gravelly and sandy materials at the base of the silty or loamy sediments. Some pedons have vertical seams or wedges of sand or loamy sand about 5 to 15 centimeters wide and about 0.9 to 1.2 meters deep extending downward from the stone line into the till.

A or Ap horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--loam or silt loam
Clay content--18 to 27 percent
Sand content--25 to 45 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral (5.6 to 7.3)

AB or BA horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--2 to 4
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--loam or silt loam
Clay content--18 to 27 percent
Sand content--25 to 50 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral (5.6 to 7.3)

Bw horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content--15 to 30 percent
Sand content--15 to 60 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid (5.1 to 6.5)

2Bw:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--4 to 8
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content--10 to 25 percent
Sand content--35 to 75 percent
Rock fragment content--2 to 12 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral (5.1 to 7.3)
Moist bulk density--1.65 to 1.9 g/cc

2BC horizon:
Hue--7.5YR to 5Y
Value--4 to 8
Chroma--1 to 8
Texture--loam
Clay content--18 to 27 percent, mean of 22 percent
Sand content--35 to 50 percent, mean of 44 percent
Rock fragment content--2 to 12 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid to moderately alkaline (5.6 to 8.4)
Moist bulk density--1.75 to 1.9 g/cc

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Arbor, Aredale, Bode, Clarion, Cresken, Everly, Farrar, Frontenac, Germantown, Kenyon, Limecreek, Liscomb, Moland, Neeper, Ocheyedan, Omsrud, and Rossfield series.
Arbor--have a moist bulk density of 1.6 to 1.75 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section
Aredale--have less sand in the upper third of the series control section, are shallower to glacial till and are more acid (see remarks)
Bode--have a clay content that averages 28 to 35 percent in the particle-size control section
Clarion--do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Cresken--have a moist bulk density of 1.6 to 1.8 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section (see remarks)
Everly--have carbonates within a depth of 90 centimeters
Farrar--soils have less clay and higher sand content in the A and upper part of the B horizons (upper part of series control section)
Frontenac--have a rock fragment content of 35 to 70 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Germantown--have a lithic contact with quartzite bedrock within a depth of 100 centimeters
Kenyon--have a frequently saturated zone at a depth of 1.2 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Limecreek--have carbonates within a depth of 100 centimeters
Liscomb--have a moist bulk density of 1.6 to 1.8 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section (see remarks)
Moland--a moist bulk density of 1.5 to 1.7 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section
Neeper--do not have rock fragments in the lower third of the series control section
Ocheyedan--have a moist bulk density of 1.45 to 1.7 g/cc in the lower third of the series control section
Omsrud--do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Rossfield--have a rock fragment content of 10 to 40 percent, mostly arenaceous limestone, in the lower half of the series control section

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--75 to 150 centimeters of silty or loamy sediments and the in underlying till
Landform--summits, side slopes, or shoulder slopes on dissected till plains
Slope--0 to 18 percent
Elevation--230 to 435 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 9 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--845 to 975 millimeters
Frost-free period--140 to 160 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: At the type location, these are the Clyde, Floyd, and Readlyn soils.
Clyde--are on lower landscape positions and are frequently saturated at the soil surface during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Floyd--occur on foot slopes of uplands and intermittent drainageways, have a mollic epipedon 40 to 60 centimeters thick, and are frequently saturated between depths of 0.3 and 1 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Readlyn--occur on nearly level stable upland divides and are frequently saturated between depths of 0.3 and 1 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage--well drained--a frequently saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--1.00 to 10.00 micrometers per second in the silty or loamy sediments and 0.01 to 1.00 micrometers per second in the underlying till

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume hay. The native vegetation is big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--Dissected till plains, Western lake section, and Wisconsin driftless section
MLRAs--Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies (104), Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till, Southern Part (90B), Central Minnesota Sandy Outwash (91A), and Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills (105)
Local physiographic area--Iowa Erosion Surface
LRR M; northeastern Iowa and southeastern Minnesota
Extent--large

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fillmore County, Minnesota, 1955.

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters;
Series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 200 centimeters.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 48 centimeters (Ap, A, and AB horizons);
cambic horizon--the zone from a depth of 48 to 114 centimeters (Bw1 and 2Bw2 horizons).
lithologic discontinuity from silty or loamy sediments to till at a depth of 79 centimeters

Range in Characteristics were edited based on available lab data during the 2017 Ostrander SDJR Projects.

Differentia between Ostrander, Aredale, Cresken and Liscomb series needs further study

The type location has been moved to Bremer Co, Iowa to better represent the central concept of the series.

Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.

NASIS Pedon ID - 2006IA017004

Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, twelfth edition, 2014.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--Refer to Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Central File Code No. 970.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.