LOCATION PAYSEOR MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey over loamy, mixed, active, frigid Aquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Payseor silty clay loam - on a 1 percent slope - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 18 centimeters; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) silty clay loam, dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2), dry; strong fine and medium granular structure; firm; many very fine and fine roots; moderately acid, pH 5.8; clear smooth boundary.
A--18 to 25 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay, reddish gray (5YR 5/2), dry; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure parting to strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; common very fine roots; 20 percent discontinuous faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2), moist, organoargillans on all faces of peds; 10 percent medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron and 19 percent medium faint dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2), moist, masses of reduced iron; moderately acid, pH 6.0; clear smooth boundary.
Bt1--25 to 46 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; few very fine roots; 80 percent continuous faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron and 15 percent medium distinct dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2), moist, masses of reduced iron; slightly acid, pH 6.1; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--46 to 64 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; few very fine roots; 2 percent patchy faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, pressure faces on top faces of peds and 80 percent continuous faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent medium distinct dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2), moist, masses of reduced iron on faces of peds and 15 percent medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron on faces of peds; slightly acid, pH 6.3; clear smooth boundary.
2Bt3--64 to 94 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; common very fine roots; 10 percent patchy prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2), moist, clay films on surfaces along pores and 20 percent discontinuous faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, clay bridging on all faces of peds; 15 percent medium distinct dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2), moist, masses of reduced iron on faces of peds and 15 percent medium distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) masses of reduced iron on faces of peds; slightly acid, pH 6.3; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt4--94 to 114 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; 2 percent patchy prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2), moist, clay films on surfaces along pores and 40 percent discontinuous faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, clay bridging on all faces of peds; 15 percent medium faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, masses of oxidized iron on faces of peds and 15 percent medium faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist, masses of reduced iron on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid, pH 6.3; clear wavy boundary.
2C--114 to 203 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) loamy sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; 2 percent patchy distinct reddish gray (5YR 5/2), moist, clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent medium faint reddish brown (5YR 5/4), moist, masses of reduced iron on faces of peds and 1 percent medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid, pH 6.5.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA 93B) Superior Stony and Rocky Loamy Plains and Hills, Eastern Part; Ontonagon County Michigan Subset; approximately 1.68 miles south of Bruce Crossing, and .11 miles east of US Highway 45, NW 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of section 34, T48N R39W, Ontonagon County, MI. UTM NAD 1927, zone 16, 333015 Easting, 5152842 Northing.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the clayey till - 38 to 91 centimeters
Clay content (argillic horizon) - 60 to 90 percent
Reaction (Ap, A, Bt1, and Bt2 horizons) - very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 4.5 to 6.5)
Reaction (2Bt3 and 2Bt4 horizons) - strongly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.1 to 7.8). Some pedons contain free carbonates.
Gravel content (Ap, A, Bt1, and Bt2 horizons) - 0 to 2 percent
Gravel content (2Bt3, 2Bt4, and 2C horizons) - 0 to 10 percent
Some pedons have Oe or Oa horizons composed of partially decomposed or well decomposed forest litter.
Ap and A horizons
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 2.5 to 4
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: clay or silty clay loam
E horizon (when present)
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: clay, silty clay loam, or silt loam
Bt horizons
Chroma: 4 to 6
2Bt horizons
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: ranges from loamy sand to clay loam but is dominantly
sandy loam, loam and clay loam.
E part of 2E/B or 2B/E horizons (when present)
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sand, fine sand, loamy sand, sandy loam.
B part of 2E/B or 2B/E horizons (when present)
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, loam, clay loam. Pockets of other textures may be in this horizon.
2C horizon
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: sand, loamy sand, sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Pockets of other textures may be in this horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent materials - clayey till over loamy till
Landscape till plains
Landforms flats, drainageways, and depressions
Slope - 0 to 3 percent
Elevation - 305 to 455 meters
Mean annual air temperature - 3 to 6 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation - 640 to 860 millimeters
Frost-free period - less than 100 to 140 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Amnicon,
Badriver,
Bergland,
Cuttre,
Froberg,
Matchwood,
Miskoaki,
Odanah, and
Sanborg soils.
Amnicon are on knolls and side slopes, formed only in clayey till, are in the very-fine particle-size class, and in the Oxyaquic Vertic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Badriver are on the same landforms as Payseor, but formed only in clayey till, are in the fine particle-size class, and in the Aeric Glossaqualfs Subgroup.
Bergland are in depressions, but formed only in clayey till, are in the very-fine particle-size class, and in the Aeric Vertic Epiaqualfs Subgroup.
Cuttre - are on the same landforms as Payseor, but formed only in clayey till, are in the very-fine particle-size class, and in the Aeric Glossaqualfs Subgroup.
Froberg are on landform positions above Payseor, and in the Oxyaquic Vertic Hapludalfs Subgroup.
Matchwood are on the same landforms as Payseor, but are in the very-fine particle-size class, and in the Aeric Vertic Epiaqualfs Subgroup.
Miskoaki - are on knolls and side slopes, formed only in clayey till, are in the very-fine particle-size class, and in the Vertic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Odanah - are on knolls and side slopes, formed only in clayey till, are in the fine particle-size class, and in the Haplic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Sanborg are on knolls and flats, but formed only in clayey till, are in the fine particle-size class, and in the Oxyaquic Glossudalfs Subgroup.
Members of the typical drainage sequence (catena) with Payseor include
Froberg and
Matchwood.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage a perched seasonal zone of water saturation is at 0 to 46 centimeters from March to June and from 46 to 61 centimeters during October and November (somewhat poorly drained). Another zone of water saturation is at 137 to 203 centimeters every month except August.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ap, A, Bt1, and Bt2 horizons) - very slow
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (2Bt3, 2Bt4, and 2C horizons) - moderate or moderately slow
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are forested with red maple, quaking aspen, white pine, white spruce and balsam fir. Some areas are in pasture or hay land.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division
--Laurentian Upland
Physiographic Province
--Superior Upland
Land Resource Region
--Northern Lake States Forest and Forage region (LRR K)
Major Land Resource Area
--Superior Lake Plain (MLRA 92)
--Superior Stony and Rocky Loamy Plains and Hills, Eastern Part (MLRA 93B)
The series is of small extent; 3086 hectares are correlated.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Major Land Resource Area 93B Superior Stony and Rocky Loamy Plains and Hills, Eastern Part; Ontonagon County Michigan Subset, January 2007. Proposed in Ontonagon County, Michigan, 2003. Source of name is a creek in Ontonagon County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the typical pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 25 centimeters (Ap and A horizons)
Argillic horizon - 25 to 64 centimeters (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Aquic feature - redox depletions with chroma of 2 (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to User Pedon ID S03MI-131-005 for Primary Characterization Data from the National Soil Survey Laboratory (http://ssldata.nrcs.usda.gov/querypage.asp).