LOCATION PINEISLAND LAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, semiactive, hyperthermic Oxyaquic Fraglossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Pineisland loam--on a 2 percent slope on a narrow convex ridge in cropland at an elevation of 35 feet.
(Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak coarse granular; friable; common fine and medium roots; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown iron concentrations; common very fine brownish stains along root channels; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Ec--9 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; massive; friable; many very fine and fine black and few brown concretions; many fine roots; few very fine continuous vesicular pores; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 17 inches thick)
E/B--15 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam (E); dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam (Bt); the Bt part is mostly medium and coarse prisms that are surrounded by a red (2.5YR 4/8) brittle rind 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick; the Bt part makes up about 40 percent of the horizon; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak very coarse subangular blocky and weak medium and coarse prismatic; friable; common fine and few medium roots; many very fine tubular pores; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)
B/E--24 to 38 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) clay loam (Bt) in 4 to 7 inch diameter prisms; tongues 1 to 4 inches wide of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam (E) make up about 40 percent of the horizon; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak very coarse subangular blocky and weak coarse prismatic; moderately brittle; thick brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silt coats; common pockets of silt that are surrounded by red (2.5YR4/6) brittle rind 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick; many masses of red and black on surfaces of prisms; few fine roots between prisms; few medium pores with clay films on surfaces of peds; few faint clay films; very strongly acid; diffuse irregular boundary. (6 to 16 inches thick)
Btx--38 to 48 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) and yellow (10YR 7/6) clay loam; weak very coarse and coarse prismatic structure; hard and brittle in about 90 percent of horizon; prisms of 2 to 7 inches in diameter are surrounded by a red (2.5YR 4/6) rind 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay seams between prisms; many thick light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt coats between prisms; many fine and medium pores lined with distinct clay films; many prominent clay films on surfaces of peds; many fine and medium roots between prisms; few soft black accumulations; very strongly acid; diffuse irregular boundary. (10 to 18 inches thick)
Bt1--48 to 66 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; friable; few fine faint reddish brown iron concentrations; common medium pockets and streaks of strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) fine sandy loam and very fine sandy loam; common pores about 2 millimeters in diameter that have distinct clay films; few krotovina about 3 inches in diameter filled with gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam; prisms are finely divided with prominent dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films; many fine and medium roots between prisms; few fine roots within prisms; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 18 inches thick)
Bt2--66 to 78 inches; red (2.5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak very coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; common distinct clay films and black accumulations along ped surfaces; thin very pale brown (10YR 7/3) clay seams between prisms; few fine roots between prisms; few fine and very fine medium pores lined with distinct clay films; root channels filled with black masses; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana; 4 miles east of Woodlawn; 300 feet north of Parish Road Number 6-10; 140 feet west of Parish Road Number 8-36; SE1/4 SW1/4 sec. 5, T. 9 S., R. 5W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 70 to 120 inches. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 24 to 40 inches. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid throughout the solum. The effective cation exchange capacity of the solum is 3 to 11 (C mole+/kg). The soil is 20 to 50 percent saturated with exchangeable aluminum from the E horizon to a depth of 60 inches or more.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The Ec horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam or loam.
The E/B and B/E horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
The Btx and Bt horizons have hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8. Iron depletions are in shades of gray and range from none to common. Texture is loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam.
The BC and C horizons, where present, have the same range in colors and reactions as the Btx and Bt horizons. Texture is loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Bude, Bussy, Byram, Calloway, Cart, Erno, Gigger, Grenada, Libuse, Loring, Necessity, Olivier, Providence, and Thage soils are in related families. Bude, Calloway, Necessity, Thage, and Olivier soils have 1 or 2 chroma mottles in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. Bussy, Cyram, Gigger, Grenada, Libuse, Loring, and Providence soils do not have a glossic horizon. In addition, Byram, Gigger, Grenada, Loring, and Providence soils have mixed mineralogy. Cart soils have coarse-silty and Erno soils have fine-loamy particle-size control sections.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pineisland soils are on elongated, deltaic natural levees on the Gulf Coast Prairie. They formed in loamy alluvial sediments of Pleistocene age. Slopes range from 1 to 3 percent. Near the type location, the mean annual temperature is 60 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation is about 53 inches. Elevation is 10 to 40 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Crowley, Frost, Leton, Messer, Mamou, and Mowata soils. The Crowley, Frost, Leton, and Mowata soils are in lower positions and are more poorly drained than Pineisland soils. They have dominant colors with chroma of 2 or less throughout the solum. The Mamou and Messer soils are on side-slopes and on pimple mounds, respectively. Neither the Mamou nor the Messer soils have a fragipan.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium. Permeability is moderately slow. A seasonally high water table is perched above the fragipan, at a depth of 2.0 to 3.0 feet below the surface, during the months of December through March.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Pineisland soils are used for cropland. Crops grown are wheat, soybeans, grain sorghum, rice, and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Gulf Coast Prairie of Louisiana and possibly Texas (MLRA 150A). The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana; 1989. The name is from the name of a small community in Jefferson Davis Parish.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included with the Hockley series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 9 inches (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon - 24 to 78 inches (B/C, Btx, and Bt horizons).
Glossic Horizon - 15 to 38 inches (E/B and B/E horizons).
Fragipan - 38 to 48 inches (Btx horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: LSU data from Jefferson Davis Parish, LA (S86LA-053-001).
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999.