LOCATION POORMAN                 ID+UT

Established Series
Rev: GAH-BDG-RJS
01/2016

POORMAN SERIES

The Poorman series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in material derived from metamorphic rocks with a thin mantle of volcanic ash. They are on mountain slopes and ridges. Slopes range from 15 to 75 percent. Average annual precipitation is about 1,015 mm and the average annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, micaceous, frigid Andic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Poorman ashy loam, forested, on a 44 percent slope at 1,175 meters elevation. Aspect is west. When described on May 1, 1995, the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed needles, twigs and leaves. (0 to 8 cm thick)

A--3 to 8 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/3) ashy loam, very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and medium granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine, common fine and few medium irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 20 cm thick)

Bw1--8 to 23 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) ashy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, common fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and few fine and medium irregular pores; 2 percent fine mica flakes; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy boundary.

Bw2--23 to 33 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) ashy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, common fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and few fine and medium irregular pores; 10 percent fine mica flakes; moderately acid (pH 5.9); abrupt wavy boundary. (combined thickness of Bw1 & Bw2 horizons - 10 to 30 cm)

2Bt1--33 to 53 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine and few fine tubular, and common very fine irregular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent fine mica flakes; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary.

2Bt2--53 to 74 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine, medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular, many very fine and few fine irregular pores; few faint clay films lining pores; 2 percent gravel; 55 percent fine mica flakes; moderately acid (pH 5.7); diffuse wavy boundary. (combined thickness of 2Bt1 & 2Bt2 horizons - 35 to 110 cm)

2BC--74 to 91 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine irregular and few very fine and fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; 65 percent fine mica flakes; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 35 cm thick)

2C1-- 91 to 132 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine and few fine irregular pores; 1 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; 80 percent fine mica flakes; moderately acid (pH 5.7); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 cm thick)

2C2--132 to 155 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/4) sandy loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; few very fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; 50 percent fine mica flakes; strongly acid (pH 5.5).

TYPE LOCATION: Clearwater County, Idaho; about 6.5 kilometers north and 9.5 kilometers west of Pierce, Idaho; about 670 meters south and 792 meters west of the northeast corner of section 10, T. 37 N., R. 4 E.; Latitude - 46 degrees, 33 minutes, 54 seconds North; Longitude - 115 degrees, 56 minutes, 13 seconds West. UTM Zone 11N, Easting 581472.8, Northing 5157374.9. USGS Whiskey Butte Quadrangle.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 3.9 to 7.8 degrees C.
Weighted average of mica in control section is greater than 45 percent.

Volcanic ash mantle*
*Thickness - 23 to 33 cm
*Volcanic glass - 5 to 33 percent
*Acid-oxalate Al + 1/2 Fe - 1.2 to 2.3 percent
*15 bar water retention - 6.4 to 12.0 percent
*Phosphate retention - 60 to 95 percent

A horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR dry or moist
Value - 4 or 5 dry and 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4 dry and 2 to 4 moist
Texture - ashy silt loam or ashy loam
Clay content - 5 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 3 percent gravel
Bulk density - 0.50 to 0.95 g/cc
Reaction - 5.6 to 6.8

Bw1, Bw2 horizons
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR dry or moist
Value - 5 or 6 dry and 3 or 4 moist
Chroma - 4 to 6 dry
Texture - ashy silt loam or ashy loam
Clay content - 5 to 10 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 3 percent gravel
Mica content - 1 to 10 percent
Bulk density - 0.60 to 1.00 g/cc
Reaction - 5.6 to 7.3

2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR moist
Value - 5 to 7 dry and 3 to 5 moist
Chroma - 3 to 6 dry or moist
Clay content - 12 to 20 percent
Texture - loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam
Rock fragments - 0 to 30 percent gravel and 0 to 10 percent cobbles, 0 to 30 percent total rock fragment content
Mica content - 35 to 70 percent
Reaction - 4.7 to 6.1

2BC horizon
Value - 5 to 8 dry and 3 to 7 moist
Chroma - 3 to 6 dry or moist
Clay content - 12 to 16 percent
Texture - loam, sandy loam or coarse sandy loam
Rock fragments - 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 20 percent total rock fragment content
Mica content - 15 to 80 percent
Reaction - 4.5 to 6.0

2C1, 2C2 horizon
Hue - 2.5Y or 10YR moist
Value - 5 to 8 dry and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma - 3 to 6 dry, 3 to 8 moist
Clay content - 8 to 20 percent
Texture - loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, loamy sand or sand
Rock fragments - 0 to 20 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 25 percent channers, 0 to 25 percent total rock fragment content
Mica content - 15 to 80 percent
Reaction - 4.5 to 6.0

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landforms - mountain slopes and ridges
Elevations - 485 to 1,435 meters
Slopes - 15 to 75 percent
Parent material - derived from metamorphic rocks with a thin mantle of volcanic ash.
Mean annual precipitation - 750 to 1,400 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 3.3 to 7.8 degrees C.
Frost-free season - 50 to 120 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aldermand, Brodeer, Grandad and Mushel series. Aldermand, Brodeer and Mushel soils are on mountain slopes and lack high amounts of mica in the substratum. Grandad soils are on mountain slopes and have an ash mantle greater than 35 cm thick.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production, wildlife habitat and watershed. Potential natural vegetation is western redcedar, grand fir, Douglas-fir, western larch, western white pine and lodgepole pine with an understory of queencup beadlily, goldthread, bunchberry dogwood, longtube twinflower, common prince's pine, darkwoods violet, common snowberry, rocky mountain maple and Columbia brome.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North central Idaho, Poorman soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 43A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clearwater County, Idaho, 2003.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - zone from 0 to 8 cm (Oi, A horizons).
Volcanic ash mantle - zone from 3 to 33 cm (A, Bw1, Bw2 horizons).
Cambic horizon - zone from 8 to 33 cm (Bw1, Bw2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - zone from 33 to 74 cm (2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons)
Particle-size control section - zone from 33 to 74 cm (2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons).

Additional Information: The ranges of values listed under the Range in Characteristics for the soil properties Bulk density, Volcanic glass content, Acid-oxalate Al + 1/2 Fe, Phosphate retention and 15-bar water retention are estimates only.

The mineralogy class was changed from paramicaceous to micaceous in 07/2010 by the National Soil Survey Center on request of the responsible MLRA regional office. The change was necessary based on the eleventh edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.