LOCATION PLOVER WI
Established Series
GWH-HFG-JJJ
03/2014
PLOVER SERIES
The Plover series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in stratified loamy lacustrine deposits on stream terraces, glacial lake plains, ice walled lake basins and delta kames. Permeability is moderate in the subsoil and moderately slow in the substratum. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches. Mean annual temperature is about 42 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Plover fine sandy loam - on a south-facing slope of 1 percent in a corn field at an elevation of about 1,247 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine to medium roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
E--10 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak thick platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
B/E--13 to 18 inches; about 65 percent brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam (Bt); weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry;weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common coarse distinct and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and common fine prominent and faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (The glossic horizon ranges from 2 to 30 inches thick.)
Bt1--18 to 23 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of most peds; coatings of brown (10YR 5/3) soil on vertical faces of some peds; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and common medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--23 to 32 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine roots; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds and in root channels; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation and common fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron depletion; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 4 to 20 inches.)
C--32 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) stratified silt, loamy fine sand, and fine sand; many medium distinct pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) masses of iron depletion; massive; friable; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Polk County, Wisconsin; about 6 1/2 miles northwest of Turtle Lake; 1,355 feet south and 2,600 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 27, T. 35 N., R. 15 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 24 to 60 inches. Depth to stratification is less than 40 inches. Coarse fragments typically are absent throughout but the volume of gravel ranges 0 to 15 percent in some horizons in some pedons. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid in the solum, but ranges to neutral in the upper part, where the soil is limed. Redox concentrations are throughout the pedon below the A horizon. Redox depletions are in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon and saturation occurs there at some time in most years.
The Ap horizon has value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The Ap and A horizon is fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or sandy loam. Some uncultivated pedons do not have an A horizon.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is typically silt loam, very fine sandy loam, or fine sandy loam, but in some pedons, is sandy loam or loamy fine sand.
Plover soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 or 5. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 or 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam very fine sandy loam, or loam. Thin strata of coarser or finer texture are in the lower part of the Bt horizon in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR and value and chroma of 4 to 6. It is stratified with silt, silt loam, loam, very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, loamy sand, very fine sand, fine sand, or sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Brennyville,
Fallcreek,
Hatley,
Magnor,
Magroc,
Mora,
Oesterle,
Rosy and
Stinnett series. Brennyville, Magnor, Mora, and Stinnett have a densic contact at depths of 40 to 60 inches. Fllcreek, Hatley do not have stratification in the series control section. Magroc soils have a lithic contact at depths of 40 to 60 inches. Rosy soils have carbonates in the series control section. Oesterle soils have stratified sandy outwash within 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on glacial lake plains, stream terraces, ice walled lake basins and delta kames. Slope gradients range from 0 to 3 percent. These soils formed in stratified loamy lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 800 to 1950 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Alban,
Aftad,
Barronett,
Campia,
Comstock, and
Crystal Lake soils. The well drained Alban soils and the moderately well drained Aftad soils are in a drainage sequence with Plover soils. The well drained Campia soils, the moderately well drained Crystal Lake soils, the somewhat poorly drained Comstock soils, and the poorly drained Barronett soils form a drainage sequence in nearby areas where there is more silt and clay, and less sand in the soil.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is slow or medium. Permeability is moderate in the subsoil and moderately slow in the substratum. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 1 to 2.5 feet for 1 month or more per year at some time during the period October to June in 6 or more out of 10 years. The water table is perched over stratified lacustrine sediments but in most years will eventually saturate the lacustrine sediments and exhibit an apparent water table.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have been cleared and are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. Native vegetation is hardwood forest with scattered conifers. Second growth forest of red maple, American basswood and yellow birch is common at the present time.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central and northwestern Wisconsin. It is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk County, Wisconsin, 1978.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons or features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 13 inches (A, E) glossic horizon - 13 to 18 inches (B/E); argillic horizon - 13 to 32 inches (B/E, Bt1, Bt2); aquic feature - redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and aquic conditions in the upper 10 inches of the argillic.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0222.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.