LOCATION SALONIE AK
Established Series
Rev. CAP
04/2024
SALONIE SERIES
Depth class: very deep
Drainage class: poorly drained
Parent material: moderately decomposed herbaceous organic material over silty and loamy alluvium over sandy and gravelly outwash
Landform: flood plains and drainageways
Slopes: 0 to 15 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 700 to 3000 mm (28 to 98 in)
Mean annual temperature: 0 to 6 degrees C. (32 to 43 degrees F.)
Frost-free season: 20 to 50 days
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, nonacid Typic Cryaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Salonie silt loam - woody flood plain at elevation 39 meters (130 feet). (All colors are for moist soil.)
Oe--0 to 3 centimeters (0 to 1 inches); moderately decomposed plant material; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many fine and common medium roots throughout; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 cm, 0 to 4 in thick)
A--3 to 15 centimeters (1 to 6 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), dry; silt loam; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many fine and common medium roots throughout; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 20 cm, 3 to 8 in thick)
2C1--15 to 27 centimeters (6 to 11 inches); 40 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), 25 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1), dry; extremely gravelly sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; 10 percent fine distinct spherical dark gray (5Y 4/1) masses of reduced iron throughout and 10 percent medium prominent spherical dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) masses of oxidized iron throughout; 65 percent gravel and 5 percent cobble; moderately acid (pH 5.6); gradual smooth boundary.
2C2--27 to 70 centimeters (11 to 28 inches); dark greenish gray (10Y 3/1) extremely gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; 65 percent gravel and 10 percent cobble; moderately acid (pH 5.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Kodiak Archipelago Soil Survey Area, Alaska; Latitude 57 degrees 28 minutes 10.99 seconds and Longitude 154 degrees 30 minutes 29.00 seconds west, UTM north 6370678.92 and UTM east 409550.53, zone 5, Datum WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: Udic
Mean annual soil temperature: 1.6 to 3.3 degrees C. (34.8 to 37.9 degrees F.)
Thickness of organic material: 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in)
Depth to andic properties: 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in)
Depth to lithologic discontinuity: 8 to 30 cm (3 to 12 in)
Detph to aquic conditions: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in)
Oa, Oe, Oi horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10 YR
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: slightly, moderately, or highly decomposed plant material
Organic matter: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to moderately acid (pH 3.5 to 6.0)
A horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: (medial) silt loam, silt, loam, very fine sandy loam, or fine sandy loam and sandy loam
Sand: 20 to 70 percent
Silt: 40 to 90 percent
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Rock Fragments: 0 to 14 percent
Reaction Class: very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)
A2 horizon, (where present):
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value: 2 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or loam and their very or extremely gravelly analogues
Sand: 40 to 90 percent
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Rock Fragments: 25 to 75 percent
Reaction Class: very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: sand, coarse sand, loamy sand, or loamy coarse sand and their very or extremely gravelly analogues
Reaction Class: extremely acid to moderately acid (pH 3.5 to 6.0)
Some pedons have a thin recent ashy and glassy volcanic surface horizon.
Some pedons exhibit stratification in the substratum.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Anan (AK),
Astrolable (AK),
Eachuston (CO),
Jurvannah (ID),
Longarm (AK), and
Ustiugof (AK) series.
Anan soils lack horizons with andic soil properties and occur on stream terraces and flood plains.
Astrolable soils lack organic surface horizons, lack horizons with andic soil properties, have coarse-loamy or fine-loamy surface horizons, and occur on tidal marshes and flood plains.
Euchuston soils lack horizons with andic soil properties, have loamy A horizons, mean annual precipitation less than 600mm (24 in), and occur on terraces and flood plains.
Jurvannah soils lack horizons with andic soil properties, have loamy surface horizons, mean annual precipitation less than 600 mm (24 in), alluivium derived from granite, and occur on alluvial fans, stream terraces, and flood plains.
Longarm soils lack horizons with andic soil properties, have mean annual air temperature less than 3 degrees C. (37 degrees F.), mean annual precipitation less than 1000 mm (40 in), and occur on flood plains.
Ustiugof soils lack horizons with andic soil properties, have parent materials derived from marine sediments, have mean annual preicipation less than 700 mm (28 in.), and occur on the coastal plain.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation: 5 to 300 meters (15 to 1000 feet)
Parent material: moderately decomposed herbaceous organic material over silty alluvium derived from volcanic and metamorphic rock over sandy and gravelly outwash
Landform: drainageways and flood plains
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Mean annual temperature: 0 to 6 degrees C. (32 to 43 degrees F.)
Mean annual precipitation: 600 to 3000 mm (28 to 118 in)
Frost free period: 20 to 50 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aleneva,
Chiniak,
Kizhuyak, Missak,
Olds, Sa, Salonie, and Yukuk.
Aleneva soils have andic properties, cambic horizons, and occur on flood plains associated with the beach plains.
Chiniak soils have marine sediments in the substratum and occur on beaches, beach plains, and beach berms.
Kizhuyak soils have thick 1912 volcanic ash horizons, are poorly drained, and occur on flood plains associated with beach plains.
Missak soils have thick organic deposits, are very poorly drained, and occur in depressions associated with the beach plains.
Olds soils have histic epipedons, andic properties, are poorly drained, and occur on flood plains associated with the beach plains.
Sa soils have thick organic deposits, are very poorly drained, and occur in depressions associated with the beach plains.
Salonie soils have outwash parent material, are poorly drained, and occur on flood plains associated with beach plains.
Yukuk soils have andic properties, are poorly drained, and occur on flood plains and areas associated with beach plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: moderately well drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: very high in the Oe horizon, moderately high to high in the A horizon, and very high in the 2C horizons.
Permeability: rapid to very rapid in the Oe horizon, moderate to rapid in the A horizon and rapid to very rapid in the 2C horizons.
Runoff: high to very high
Flooding and duration: none to frequently with brief to long.
USE AND VEGETATION:
Used principally as grazing land. Native grasses are cut in places for hay and silage, and there are a few gardens and seeded hay fields. The native vegetation is tall grass, dominated by bluejoint reedgrass, and associated plants such as fireweed. In places, the soil supportsd stands of cottonwood and willows.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 220 Alexander Archipelago-Gulf of Alaska Coast and MLRA 225 Southern Alaska Peninsula Mountains.
Extent: moderate
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Wasilla, Alaska
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kodiak Archipelago Soil Survey, Alaska, 2024.
REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:
Organic material: 0 to 3 cm (0 to 1 in) (Oe horizons)
Andic properties: 3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 in) (A horizon)
Lithologic discontinuity: 15 to 200 cm (6 to 79 in) (2C1, 2C2 horizons)
Aquic conditions: 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 in)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
User pedon Id: 09SS 07403
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.