LOCATION OLDS AK
Established Series
Rev. CAP
06/2025
OLDS SERIES
Depth class: very deep
Drainage class: poorly drained
Parent material: mucky peat organic material over medial silty volcanic ash over gravelly loamy till
Landform: hills and plains in depression and drainageways
Slopes: 0 to 15 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 1200 mm (47 in)
Mean annual temperature: about 4 degrees C. (39 degrees F.)
Frost-free season: 20 to 50 days
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial over loamy-skeletal, amorphic over mixed, superactive, nonacid Histic Cryaquands
TYPICAL PEDON: Olds silt loam -- under native grasses and sedges (All colors are for moist soil)
Oe--0 to 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2), dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), dry; mucky peat; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many very fine, fine, common medium, and coarse roots throughout; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth boundary.
A--38 to 60 centimeters (15 to 24 inches); very dark brown (7.5YR 2/2), brown (7.5YR 4/2), dry; medial silt loam; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common very fine, fine, medium roots throughout; 5 percent fine distinct spherical gray (7.5YR 6/1), moist, masses of reduced iron and 5 percent fine distinct spherical strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual smooth boundary.
Cg--60 to 98 centimeters (24 to 39 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) medial silt loam; moderate medium angular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; 5 percent fine distinct spherical strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), moist, masses of oxidized iron and 10 percent fine distinct spherical gray (7.5YR 6/1), moist, masses of reduced iron; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual wavy boundary.
2C1--98 to 110 centimeters (39 to 43 inches); dark gray (5Y 4/1) very gravelly sandy loam; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; 45 percent gravel and 5 percent cobble; moderately acid (pH 5.9); clear wavy boundary.
2C2--110 to 200 centimeters (43 to 79 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) very gravelly sandy loam; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; 45 percent gravel and 5 percent cobble; moderately acid (pH 5.9).
TYPE LOCATION: Kodiak Archipelago Soil Survey Area, Alaska; Latitude 57 degrees 2 minutes 1.00 seconds and Longitude 154 degrees 14 minutes 28.00 seconds west, UTM north 6321811.94 and UTM east 424675.52, zone 5, Datum WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: udic
Mean annual soil temperature: 1.6 to 3.3 degrees C. (34.8 to 37.9 degrees F.)
Thickness of organic material: 20 to 40 cm (8 to 16 in)
Depth to andic properties: 20 to 40 cm (8 to 16 in)
Depth to gravelly till: 40 to 130 cm (16 to 51 in)
Oa, Oe, Oi horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10 YR
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: slightly, moderately, or highly decomposed plant material
Organic matter: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to moderately acid (pH 3.5 to 6.0)
2A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: medial silt loam, silt, loam, and very fine sandy loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 14 percent
Silt: 40 to 90 percent
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)
2C or 2Cg horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 2 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: (medial) silt loam, silt, loam, or very fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogues
Silt: 40 to 90 percent
Clay: 2 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)
3C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 50 to 85 percent
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)
Slome pedons have a thin ashy and glassy recent volcanic surface horizon and/or sandy-skeletal outwash substratum.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation: 5 to 365 meters (15 to 1200 feet)
Parent material: moderately decomposed herbaceous organic material over sandy and loamy volcanic ash over medial silty volcanic ash over gravelly loamy till
Landform: hills and plains on depressions, drainageways, and swales
Slopes: 0 to 15 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 600 to 3000 mm (24 to 98 in)
Mean annual temperature: 0 to 6 C. (32 to 43 degrees F.)
Frost free period: 20 to 50 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aleneva,
Izhut,
Kizhuyak,
Kodiak,
Koniag,
Luchek,
Missak,
Rezanof,
Sa,
Sulua,
Tonki,
Wineskey, and
Yukuk series.
Aleneva soils lack a histic epipedon, have aquic conditions at greater than 41 cm (16 in), have sandy-skeletal control sections, and occur on slightly higher landform positions.
Izhut soils lack a histic epipedon, have aquic conditions at greater than 41 cm (16 in), have a spodic horizon, and occur on slightly higher landform positions.
Kizhuyak lack a histic epipedon, have thick recent ashy and glassy volcanic horizons, and occur on slightly higher landform positions.
Kodiak soils lack a histic epipedon, have aquic conditions at greater than 100 cm (40 in), have a spodic horizon, and occur on higher landform positions.
Koniag soils lack a histic epipedon, have aquic conditions at greater than 100 cm (40 in), and occur on higher landform positions.
Luchek soils have thick organic horizons and occur in similar landform positions.
Missak soils have thick organic horizons and occur in similar landform positions.
Reaznof soils lack a histic epipedon, have a mollic epipedon, have aquic conditions at greater than 100 cm (40 in), and occur on higher landform positions.
Sa soils have thick organic horizons and occur in similar landform positions.
Sulua soils have thick organic horizons and occur in similar landform positions.
Tonki soils lack a histic epipedon and occur on slightly higher landform positions.
Yukuk soils lack a histic epipedon, have sandy-skeletal particle-sized control sections, and occur on slightly higher landform positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: moderately high to high in the Oe, A, and Cg horizons, and moderately high to very high in the 3C.
Permeability: moderate to rapid in the Oe, A, Cg horizons and moderate to rapid in the 2A, 2Bhs, and 2Bw, and moderately slow to very rapid in the 3C horizons.
Runoff: negligible to very low.
Ponding, duration, and depth: none to frequently with brief to very long and 0 to 61 cm (0 to 24 in).
Flooding and duration: none to frequently with brief to long.
Hydric Indicators: A2 Histic epipedon, A6 Organic bodies, and A8 Muck presence
USE AND VEGETATION:
Used as grazing land. The natural vegetation consists dominantly of water-tolerant grasses and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 220 Alexander Archipelago-Gulf of Alaska Coast and MLRA 225 Southern Alaska Peninsula Mountains.
Extent: moderate.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Wasilla, Alaska
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kodiak Archipelago Soil Survey, Alaska, 2024.
REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:
Histic epipedon: 0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 in) (mucky peat hemic plant material) (Oe horizon)
Andic properties: 38 to 98 cm (15 to 39 in) (A, Cg horizons)
Lithological discontinuity (Glacial till): 98 to 200 cm (39 to 79 in)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
User pedon Id: 10MM 03703
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.