LOCATION SIENNA WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Ultic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Sienna stony silt loam- rangeland, on a 2 percent slope at an elevation of 3,015 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are apparent field textures.)
A1--0 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) stony silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse platy structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; common very fine tubular and common fine vesicular pores; 15 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary.
A2--4 to 8 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) gravelly silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many fine vesicular and common very fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 6 to 10 inches)
Bt1--8 to 13 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) very gravelly silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 30 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt smooth boundary.
Bt2--13 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) very cobbly clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 25 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 13 to 30 inches)
R--24 inches; basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington, about three miles northeast of Bickleton, 1,540 feet south and 1,890 feet east of the northwest corner of section 1, T. 6 N., R. 20 E. (Latitude 46 degrees, 02 minutes, 15 seconds N.; Longitude 120 degrees, 15 minutes, 11 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 49 to 51 degrees F. These soils are usually moist but are dry for 75 to 90 consecutive days. The mollic epipedon is 8 to 14 inches thick and may include the upper part of the Bt horizon. Depth to bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. The particle-size control section has 35 to 60 percent rock fragments dominated by rounded gravel of quartzitic origin in addition to subangular fragments of basaltic origin. It ranges from 25 to 35 percent clay. Soil reaction is slightly acid or neutral throughout.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 dry and moist.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 2 to 4 dry and moist. The Bt1 horizon is very gravelly silt loam, very gravelly clay loam, or very gravelly clay loam with 25 to 35 percent clay. The Bt2 horizon is very cobbly clay loam or very gravelly silty clay loam with 27 to 35 percent clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Balake,
Beezee,
Bluesprin,
Fordice,
Hunsinger,
Jebe,
Jellico,
Keuterville,
Legall,
Nashmead,
Riverpoint,
Sauter, and
Shanks (T).
Balake soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock; dry for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Beezee soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock; dry for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Bluesprin soils pscs dominated by angular basalt rock fragments; dry for 60 to 80 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Fordice soils greater than 60 inches to a paralithic contact
Hunsinger soils 40 to 60 inches to a paralithic contact (basalt); dry for 120 to 140 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Jebe soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock; dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Jellico soils dry for 110 to 130 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Keuterville soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock; dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Legall soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock
Nashmead soils 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact (sandstone); dry for more than 90 consecutive days following the summer solstice; MAST of 54 to 59 degrees F.
Riverpoint soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock
Sauter soils greater than 60 inches to bedrock; dry for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Shanks soils pscs dominated by angular and subangular rock fragments of granodiorite origin and a fine-earth fraction having more than 50 percent sand
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sienna soils are on plateaus, canyon shoulder slopes and ridges at elevations of 2,600 to 3,800 feet. Slopes are 2 to 30 percent. These soils formed in old alluvium from the Ellensburg formation and residuum derived from basalt. Summers are warm and dry and winters are cool and moist. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 18 inches. The average January temperature is 28 degrees F. and the average July temperature is 68 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 47 to 49 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 170 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Berson, Bocker, Klicko and Reilloc soils. Berson soils on mountains are more than 60 inches deep. Bocker soils on nearby plateaus are very shallow. Klicko soils on nearby plateaus are 20 to 40 inches to bedrock and are coarse-loamy. Reilloc soils on nearby plateaus are shallow.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is mainly bottlebrush squirreltail, snowy phlox, Sandberg bluegrass, eriogonum, hawksbeard, lupine and antelope bitterbrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klickitat County, Washington; MLRA 8. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 13 inches
Argillic horizon - the zone from 8 to 24 inches
Lithic contact - the zone beginning at 24 inches
Particle-size control section - the zone from 8 to 24 inches.