LOCATION SPIDERLAKE WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Alfic Oxyaquic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Spiderlake silt loam - on a linear, east facing slope of 2 percent in a forested area, at an elevation of about 1,490 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
E--4 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; about 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; diffuse irregular boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Bs--5 to 17 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; about 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 20 inches)
B/E--17 to 22 inches; 85 percent brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; penetrated by tongues of brown (7.5YR 5/3) silt loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; about 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon - 3 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt--22 to 27 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 3 percent gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
3BC--27 to 30 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 10 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
3C--30 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) stratified sand and gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 20 percent gravel as an average; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Sawyer County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles east of Seeley; 2,550 feet north and 100 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 20, T. 42 N., R. 7 W.; USGS Seeley, WI quad.; lat. 46 degrees, 6 minutes, 32 seconds N., long. 91 degrees, 16 minutes, 44 seconds W.; NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon and depth to stratified sandy outwash ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Thickness of the silty mantle ranges from 12 to 35 inches. The silty mantle has more than 30 percent very fine sand. The sandy outwash has more than 85 percent sand. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 35 percent in the loamy subsoil. Volume of gravel in the sandy outwash ranges from 3 to 45 percent as a weighted average, but ranges from 0 to 60 percent in individual strata. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout the pedon. Stones are on the surface in some areas and a stony phase is recognized. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the solum, but ranges to neutral in the Ap horizon where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid in the substratum. Redoximorphic accumulations are below the spodic horizon and within 40 inches. Saturation occurs within 40 inches for 1 month or more per year in most years.
Some pedons have an O horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR,.value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. The O horizon is a mat of partially decomposed forest litter.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 2 or 3; and chroma of 1 or 2. Cultivated pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 3 or 4; and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6 or hue of 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
Spiderlake soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizon or both). Horizonation has a wide range depending on the thickness of the silty mantle and the degree to which eluviation has occurred. Therefore, there can be E/B, B/E, 2E/B, or 2B/E horizons, singly or in combination, with or without Bt or 2Bt horizons.
The E part of the E/B or B/E horizons has colors and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam.
Some pedons have a Bt horizon with colors and texture like the Bt part described above. Spiderlake soils have less than 18 percent clay in the argillic horizon.
The 2E part of the 2E/B or 2B/E horizons has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs. The 2Bt part has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs. These horizons have more than 50 percent fine sand or coarser.
The 2Bt horizon has colors and texture like the 2Bt part described above. The combined thickness of the 2E/B, 2B/E, and 2Bt horizons is 5 inches or more.
The 3BC horizon (or 3Bt horizon when present) has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, and value and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs.
The 3C horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is stratified sand, coarse sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Annalake, Goodwit, Newood, Padwood, Peavy, Sarwet, Shoepac, Stanberry, and Tipler series. Annalake and Padwood soils have stratified loamy and sandy textures (lacustrine deposits) and average less than 85 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Goodwit, Newood, and Sarwet soils have less than 85 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Peavy soils do not have a glossic horizon. Shoepac soils have 18 to 30 percent clay in the argillic horizon. Stanberry soils have a densic contact within the series control section. Tipler soils have less than 30 percent very fine sand in the upper part of the profile.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Formed in silty and loamy alluvium or eolian deposits underlain by stratified sandy outwash.
Landform: Outwash plains, outwash terraces, glacial lake plains, and in outwash areas within moraines.
Slope: 0 to 3 percent.
Elevation: 700 to 1,900 feet.
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches.
Frost-free days: 90 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Annriver, Beaverbay(T), Martha(T), Padus, Stanberry, Tipler, and Whisklake soils. The well drained Martha soils, the somewhat poorly drained Whisklake soils, and the poorly drained Annriver soils form a drainage sequence with the Spiderlake soils. The moderately well drained Beaverbay and Stanberry soils are nearby where the parent material is till. The well drained Padus and moderately well drained Tipler soils are on similar landscapes where the silty mantle is thinner or absent.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately will drained. Surface runoff is low. Permeability is moderate in the silty and loamy mantle and rapid or very rapid in the substratum. Spiderlake soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 1.5 to 3.5 feet for one month or more per year during the period of April to June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for woodland. Common trees are sugar maple, red maple, northern red oak, American basswood, eastern hemlock, and white ash. A few areas have been cleared and are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain and hay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Wisconsin. LRR K and MLRA 90A and 94D. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sawyer County, Wisconsin, 2003. Source of the name is a township in Sawyer County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: the zone from 10 to 40 inches.
Ochric epipedon: the zone from 0 to 5 inches (A, E).
Albic horizon: the zone from 4 to 5 inches (E).
Spodic horizon: the zone from 5 to 17 inches (Bs).
Glossic horizon: the zone from 17 to 22 inches (B/E).
Argillic horizon: the zone from 17 to 27 inches (B/E, 2Bt).
Oxyaquic feature - redox accumulations and saturation below the spodic horizon and within 40 inches for 1 month or more per year in most years.
Lithologic discontinuity: at the upper boundary of the 2Bt horizon at 22 inches and at the upper boundary of the 3BC horizon at 27 inches.
Transition zone: the zone from 22 to 27 inches (2Bt).