LOCATION STONEHAM CO+WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Stoneham loam - grassland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 8 centimeters (0 to 3 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 10 centimeters (3 to 4 inches) thick)
Bt--8 to 15 centimeters (3 to 6 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots, few fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 23 centimeters (3 to 9 inches) thick)
Btk--15 to 25 centimeters (6 to 10 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine and fine roots, few fine tubular pores; few faint patchy clay films on faces of peds; slightly effervescent, carbonates are disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches) thick)
Bk1--25 to 69 centimeters (10 to 27 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots, common very fine and fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent, few fine filaments and soft masses of calcium carbonate; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) thick)
Bk2--69 to 152 centimeters (27 to 60 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots, common very fine and fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent, few fine filaments and soft masses of calcium carbonate; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Kit Carson County, Colorado; approximately 28.8 kilometers (18 miles) south of Flagler; 555 meters (1,820 feet) north and 229 meters (750 feet) west of the southeast corner of sec. 36, T. 11 S., R. 51 W. U.S.G.S. quad Hugo 4 SE. Lat. 39 degrees, 2 minutes, 40 seconds N., and long. 103 degrees, 3 minutes, 13 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature: 9 to 13 degrees C. (48 to 55 degrees F.)
Mean summer soil temperature: 15 to 22 degrees C. (59 to 72 degrees F.)
Depth to calcareous material: 8 to 26 centimeters (3 to 10 inches)
Depth to base of the Bt horizon: 15 to 38 centimeters (6 to 15 inches)
Weighted average content of organic carbon in the upper 38 centimeters (15 inches) exceeds .6 percent.
Sand/clay ratio ranges from about 1 to 3.
Content of coarse fragments ranges from 0 to 15 percent.
Soil temperature exceeds 5 degrees C. (41 degrees F.) at 51 centimeters (20 inches) approximately 210 to 240 days.
A horizon:
Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Structure: granular or crumb primary but subangular blocky in some pedons
This horizon: soft to slightly hard
Reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline
Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5Y to 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Structure: prismatic primary but subangular blocky structure in some pedons.
Texture: clay loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 15 to 35 percent
Silt content: 10 to 50 percent
Sand content: 20 to 70 percent with more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser. Reaction: neutral to slightly alkaline.
Bk or C horizons:
Hue: 2.5Y to 7.5YR
Value: 6 or 7, 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam, clay loam, and sandy clay loam
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Arnor,
Arwite,
Augustine,
Bigbow,
Bosonoak,
Carri,
Celacy,
Celavar,
Dalhart,
Dermala,
Elwop,
Evpark,
Flugle,
Fort Collins,
Gateson,
Goesling,
Iwela,
Lykorly,
Navajita,
Nyjack,
Oldwolf,
Olnest,
Orlie,
Parkelei,
Pinitos,
Rauzi,
Ribera,
Rockybutte,
Toluca and
Wagonhound series.
Arwite, Oldwolf, Olnest, Rauzi, and Rockybutte soils have calcium carbonate at greater than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of depth.
Bosonoak and Celavar soils are driest during
May and June and are in the Aridic ustic moisture regime.
Augustine, Dalhart, Dermala and Goesling soils have sola greater than 24 inches to the base of the Bt horizon.
Bigbow soils have a lithological discontinuity within 40 inches and the moisture control section is wetter during the months of May and June.
Carri, Evpark, Nyjack, and Ribera soils have a lithic contact above 40 inches.
Arnor, Celacy, Elwop Gateson soils have a paralithic contact.
Deekay and Wagonhound soils have calcium carbonate below 25 centimeters (10 inches).
Flugle soils have more than 35 percent fine sand and coarser in the particle-size control section.
Fort Collins soils contain 20 to 50 percent sand (more than 15 percent but less than 35 percent being fine sand or coarser)
Iwela soils have a lithologic discontinuity of stones at 26 inches and the moisture control section is dry in May and June.
Lykorly, Navajita, Orlie, Parkelei, and Pinitos soils have dry moisture control sections in May and June.
Toluca soils have a calcic horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: hills and plains
Slopes: 0 to about 30 percent
Parent material: tertiary pedisediments of Ogallala and mixed eolian material and alluvium of similar age
Mean annual precipitation: 33 to 43 centimeters (13 to 17 inches), 25 centimeters (10 inches) of which falls during April to September
Mean annual temperature: 7 to 12 degrees C. (45 to 54 degrees F.)
Mean summer temperature: 25 degrees C. (77 degrees F.)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Fort Collins soils.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well drained
Runoff: high
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used chiefly as native pastureland.
Some of the nearly level areas are used for winter wheat.
Native vegetation is principally short grass and some cactus.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Wyoming and Eastern Colorado. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: The Akron Area, Colorado, 1942.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Argillic horizon: 10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches)
Class is changed with this revision from Ustollic Haplargids to Aridic Haplustalfs. Last updated by the state 3/94.
Modified format by LRM in 10/2005 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.