LOCATION STRABER                 TX

Established Series
Rev. GLL-RM-RMR
02/2018

STRABER SERIES

The Straber series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in calcareous loamy and clayey residuum derived from mudstone of the Willis Formation. These nearly level to moderately sloping soils are on broad ridges on inland dissected coastal plains. Slopes range from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1041.4 mm (41 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 20.6 degrees C (69 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Aquic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Straber loamy fine sand in a Straber loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes in rangeland at an elevation of 82.4 m (270.3 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in); pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy fine sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; loose, very friable; common fine roots; few siliceous pebbles; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 23 cm [2 to 9 in] thick)

E--20 to 36 cm (8 to 14 in); very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loamy fine sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; single grained; loose, very friable; few fine roots; few siliceous pebbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 30 cm [4 to 12 in] thick)

Bt1--36 to 61 cm (14 to 24 in); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist; common medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; moderate medium angular blocky structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; common clay films; few fine siliceous pebbles; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2--61 to 107 cm (24 to 42 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse angular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; many light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films; 10 percent of siliceous pebbles; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt3--107 to 150 cm (42 to 59 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; common coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) mottles; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; few thin clay films; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 76 to 152 cm [30 to 60 in])

Bk--150 to 165 cm (59 to 65 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay loam; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm; common soft masses of calcium carbonate; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 76 cm [0 to30 in] thick)

BCk--165 to 203 cm (65 to 80 in); pink (5YR 7/3) clay loam, pale olive (5Y 6/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; common masses of calcium carbonate; calcareous; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Fayette County, Texas; from intersection of U. S. Highway 90 and Farm Road 957 in Schulenburg, Texas, 3.5 miles south on Farm Road 957 and 80 ft west in pastureland. USGS Schulenburg topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 29 degrees 38 minutes 34.00 seconds N; Longitude: 96 degrees 55 minutes 50.92 seconds W. Datum WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 days but less than 150 cumulative days in normal years.
Soil Depth: very deep, 152 to greater than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 in)
Depth to abrupt textural change: 15 to 53 cm (6 to 21 in). The boundary between the E and Bt horizon is abrupt over the subsoil crests and clear over the deeper subsoil troughs.
Depth to albic materials: 5 to 23 cm (2 to 9 in)
Depth to albic horizon: 5 to 23 cm (2 to 9 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 15 to 53 cm (6 to 21 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 132 to 150 cm (52 to 59 in)
Depth to endosaturation: 51 to 75 cm (20 to 29.5 in)
Thickness of the ochric epipedon: 5 to 23 cm (2 to 9 in)
Thickness of the A and E horizons: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 in) in more than 50 percent of the pedons, but is as thin as 18 cm (7 in) over some subsoil crests

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 52 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent
Base Saturation: 40 to 75 percent by sum of cations in upper part of the argillic horizon

A Horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7, moist or dry
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry 2 or 3, moist (Where values are less than 3.5 moist, it is less than 6 inches thick).
Texture: Loamy fine sand
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent; size-fine, medium, or coarse gravels or cobbles; kind-quartzite
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

E Horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 (about l or 2 units of value higher than the A horizon)
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or gravelly loamy fine sand
Rock fragments: 0 to 18 percent; size-fine, medium, or coarse gravels or cobbles; kind-quartzite
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Bt Horizon (upper):
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6, dry or moist
Chroma: 2 to 8, dry or moist
Texture: clay or sandy clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent (in the upper 51 cm (20 in) of the Bt horizons)
Redox concentrations: amount-few to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-distinct, boundary-sharp to clear, location-in matrix
Redox depletions: amount-few to common, size-fine to medium, contrast-distinct, boundary-sharp, location-in matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-few to common; size-fine; kind-iron-manganese concretions
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent; size-fine, medium, or coarse gravels or cobbles; kind-quartzite
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

Bt Horizon (lower):
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: neutral to 7, dry or moist
Chroma: 1 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: sandy clay, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent (in the upper 51 cm (20 in) of the Bt horizons)
Redox concentrations: amount- common to many, size-fine to medium, contrast-distinct, boundary-sharp to clear, location-in matrix
Redox depletions: amount-common, size-fine to medium, contrast-distinct, boundary-sharp, location-in matrix
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-few to common; size-fine; kind-iron-manganese concretions
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent; size-fine, medium, or coarse gravels or cobbles; kind-quartzite
Reaction: very strongly acid or slightly alkaline

Bk, BCk, or BC Horizons:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8, dry or moist
Chroma: 2 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, sand clay or sandy clay loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent; size-fine, medium, or coarse gravels or cobbles; kind-quartzite
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-0 to 4 percent, size-fine to medium, kind-calcium carbonate concretions or masses, location-throughout
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no series in the same family. Similar soils are the Chaney, Chazos, Demona, Delfina, Floresville, Miguel, Papalote, Shiro, Tabor, Tremona, and Wilco series.
Chaney soils: have redder hue and are less acid in the Bt1 horizons, and typically receive less precipitation
Chazos soils: are moderately acid or slightly acid in the Bt1 horizon and commonly contain a higher percentage of higher chroma colors in the argillic horizon
Demona and Tremona soils: have sandy A horizons 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) thick
Delfina soils: have fine-loamy control sections and, in addition, have hyperthermic temperature regimes Floresville, Miguel, and Wilco soils: do not have iron depletions due to wetness and have a hyperthermic temperature regime
Papalote soils: are neutral to moderately alkaline in the Bt2 horizons and are in a hyperthermic temperature regime
Shiro soils: have a paralithic contact between 51 and 102 cm (20 and 40 in), and do not have iron depletions that are due to current day wetness
Tabor soils: have fine sandy loam A horizons, smectitic mineralogy, and exhibit vertic properties

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous loamy and clayey residuum derived from mudstone of the Willis Formation
Landscape: inland dissected coastal plains
Landform: convex linear summits on broad ridges
Slope: 0 to 8 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 813 to 1092 mm (32 to 43 in)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 44 to 64
Mean annual air temperature: 20.0 to 22.2 degrees C (68 to 72 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 260 to 280 days
Elevation: 25.7 to 166.5 m (84.3 to 546.3 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Catilla, Dubina, Fordtran, Garcitas, Hallettsville, and Tremona series.
Catilla soils: have sandy A horizons more than 102 cm (40 in) thick and are on slightly higher smooth divides
Dubina soils: have mollic epipedons and occur on similar positions
Fordtran and Garcitas soils: have sandy A horizons 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in) thick and are on nearby areas
Hallettsville soils: have mollic epipedons, have slickensides, and occur on slightly concave areas on summits adjacent to Straber soils
Tremona soils: are on footslopes and toeslopes of broad ridges

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is low on slopes less than 1 percent, medium on 1 to 3 percent slopes, high on 3 to 5 percent slopes, and very high on slopes greater than 5 percent. A water table exists for a few days to several weeks during September to May.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for rangeland. Native vegetation is little bluestem, paspalum, panicum, and threeawn grasses, and included woody species such as post oak, blackjack oak, and yaupon.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Texas; Land Resource Region J - Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region; MLRA 87A - Texas Claypan Areas, Southern Part. The soil is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: DeWitt County, Texas; 1973

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 36 to 86 cm (14 to 34 in) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 in) (A horizon)
Albic horizon: 20 to 36 cm (8 to 14 in) (E horizon)
Argillic horizon: 36 to 150 cm (14 to 59 in) (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons)

Endosaturation: The zone of saturation at 61 to 165 cm (24 to 65 in). (Bt2, Bt3, and Bk horizons)
Aquic conditions: 61 to 165 cm (24 to 65 in).
Abrupt texture change: At the upper boundary of the Bt1 horizon.
Secondary Calcium Carbonates: 150 to 165 cm (59 to 65 in)

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL Data from type location user pedon ID 82TX285003.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.