LOCATION STRAWFIELD VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, parasesquic, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Strawfield loam on a 9 percent slope, in a planted pine forest (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 2 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine through medium roots; 5 percent subrounded quartz gravels and subangular phyllite channers; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
BA--2 to 9 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine through medium roots; 5 percent subrounded quartz gravels and subangular phyllite channers; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 16 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--16 to 22 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, moderately plastic; few very fine roots; many distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; 60 percent phyllite parachanners; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 10 to 35 inches thick.)
R--22 inches; hard phyllite bedrock; very strongly cemented; very high excavation difficulty.
TYPE LOCATION: Franklin County, Virginia, located 1,500 feet south 83 degrees east of the intersection of State Routes 40 and 890, in planted pine plantation: USGS Sandy Level, VA topographic quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees 58 minutes 42.40 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 37 minutes 0.30 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of the Argillic horizon: 2 to 10 inches
Depth to the base of the Argillic horizon: 15 to 40 inches
Depth to Bedrock: 20 to 40 inches to soft and hard bedrock
Thickness of Argillic horizon: 10 to 35 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 72 inches
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, except where limed
Rock and Pararock Fragment Content: 0 to 50 percent, by volume, in the A and upper B horizons, 35 to 75 percent in the lower B and C horizons
Organic matter content: 2 to 8 percent in the A horizon, 0.0 to 0.5 percent in the B and C horizons
(Effective) Cation Exchange Capacity: 2 to 15 milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil in the A horizon; 1 to 7 in B horizon; and 1 to 6 in the C horizon
Shrink-swell potential: Low
Mica content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume mica flakes
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--clay loam, loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content--12 to 35 percent
BA or AB horizon (where present):
Color---has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 4 or 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--clay loam, loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 35 percent
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 6 or 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--texture of silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay. The particle-size control section averages more than 30 percent silt, more than 40 percent silt plus very fine sand, or less than 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand.
Clay content--more than 35 percent
BC or BCt horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 6 or 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content--18 to 35 percent
C horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 6 or 8, or is variegated in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam or silt loam
Clay content--12 to 27 percent
COMPETING SERIES:
None
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont
Landform: Ridges, hillslopes
Geomorphic Component: Interfluves, side slopes, head slopes
Hillslope Profile Position: Summits, shoulders, back slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from felsic schist and phyllite
Slope: 2 to 60 percent
Frost Free Period: 175 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 57 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 65 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Buffstat soils--are 40 to 60 inches to bedrock
Bugley soils--are 10 to 20 inches to bedrock and have more than 35 percent rock fragments in control section
Drapermill soils--are fine-loamy in the control section
Fairystone soils--have more than 35 percent rock fragments in control section
Littlejoe soils--are 40 to 60 inches to bedrock
Penhook soils--are more than 60 inches to bedrock
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Permeability: 0.6 to 6.0 inches per hour in the A horizon and 0.6 to 2.0 in the B and C horizon
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Pasture, cropland, forestland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, small grain, hay.
Where wooded--mixed hardwoods, pines.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia, and possibly North Carolina
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Franklin County, Virginia, 2004.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 9 inches (A and BA horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 9 to 22 inches (Bt horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 22 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data are available from NRCS-Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE (Lab Pedon Number: 99P0265; User Pedon ID: 99VA067003).