LOCATION SUMMERVILLE MI+NY WI
Established Series
Rev. JRC-WEF
12/2021
SUMMERVILLE SERIES
The Summerville series consists of shallow, well drained soils formed in loamy materials overlying limestone on ground moraines, end moraines, and glacial lake benches. Slope ranges from 0 to 45 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C (43 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, frigid Lithic Eutrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Summerville fine sandy loam, on a southeast-facing, 3 percent slope in a forested area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).
A--0 to 5 cm (0 to 2 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; undecomposed leaf litter 2 cm thick above the surface; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [2 to 13 cm (1 to 5 inches) thick]
Bw1--5 to 23 cm (2 to 9 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and coarse and many fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--23 to 41 cm (9 to 16 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and coarse and many fine roots; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic stains; about 2 percent gravel and cobbles; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 8 to 41 cm (3 to 16 inches).]
2R--41 to 66 cm (16 to 26 inches); limestone.
TYPE LOCATION: Menominee County, Michigan; about 8 miles southwest of Powers; 2000 feet south and 100 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 27, T. 38 N., R. 27 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to a lithic contact: 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 inches)
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline throughout the pedon
Rock fragment content: 0 to 35 percent limestone stones, cobbles, channers, and flagstones on the surface and mixed throughout the pedon; 0 to 5 percent limestone gravel throughout
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or loam, or the cobbly, flaggy or channery analogs of these textures throughout the pedon
Ap horizon, where present:
Thickness: 10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 inches)
A horizon or Ap horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 to 3
E horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 or 3
Bw horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 2 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
BC or C horizon, where present:
Thickness: up to 13 cm (5 inches)
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
A 2 to 8 cm (1 to 3 inches) thick calcareous layer immediately above the bedrock is in some pedons and it appears to be residuum weathered from the limestone.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Kings Falls (T) series. Kings Falls soils have more than 5 percent gravel throughout. Other closely related series are the
Glover,
Peshekee, and
Woodstock series. Glover soils are underlain by interbedded dark mica schist and metamorphosed limestone or phyllite bedrock. Peshekee soils are underlain by igneous or metamorphic bedrock and have spodic horizons. Woodstock soils are underlain by light colored schist, granite, or gneiss bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Summerville soils are on ground moraines, end moraines, and glacial lake benches underlain at a shallow depth by limestone. Slope gradients typically are 2 to 12 percent but range from 0 to 45 percent. Summerville soils formed in loamy materials overlying limestone bedrock. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 660 to 1016 mm (26 to 40 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 5.0 to 7.2 degrees C (41 to 45 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The somewhat poorly drained
Ensign soils and poorly drained or very poorly drained
Ruse soils form a drainage sequence with Summerville soils. Well drained
Longrie soils, somewhat poorly drained
Sundell soils, and poorly drained
Nahma soils are associated soils underlain by limestone at 50 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches). Well drained or moderately well drained
Chatham,
Onaway, and
Trenary soils are near Summerville soils on higher positions on ground moraines. Excessively drained
Alpena soils are in association on glacial lake benches and lake beaches.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to high depending on slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil supports second growth woodland. Present vegetation consists of sugar maple, American basswood, quaking aspen, balsam fir, eastern white pine and northern white cedar. Cleared areas are used for hay or pasture. Some areas are used for cropland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 93B, 94A, 94B, 94C, 95A, 96, and 142 in the northern part of Lower Michigan; central and southeastern part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, northeastern Wisconsin and northern New York. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Alpena County, Michigan, 1924.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to 5 cm (2 inches) (A horizon).
Cambic horizon: from a depth of 5 to 41 cm (2 to 16 inches) (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons).
Lithic contact: limestone bedrock at 41 cm (16 inches) (2R layer).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.