LOCATION SHELBY                  IA+KS MO NE

Established Series
Rev. FFR-RAL-DJP
10/2019

SHELBY SERIES

The Shelby series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in pre-Illinoian till. These soils are on convex side slopes, crests, and narrow interfluves on dissected till plains. Slope ranges from 1 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 890 millimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Shelby clay loam, on a convex 13 percent slope, in a cultivated field, at an elevation of about 387 meters above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; very many distinct black (10YR 2/1) organic stains on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 25 centimeters thick)

AB--18 to 28 centimeters (7 to 11 inches); about 90 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and about 10 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; many distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic stains on vertical faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 20 centimeters thick)

Bt1--28 to 43 centimeters (11 to 17 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; very many distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--43 to 58 centimeters (17 to 23 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3--58 to 86 centimeters (23 to 34 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; common distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt4--86 to 117 centimeters (34 to 46 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; firm; common very fine tubular pores; few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 50 to 145 centimeters.)

Btk--117 to 152 centimeters (46 to 60 inches); about 60 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and about 40 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; common very fine tubular pores; very few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate masses; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 3 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters thick)

C--152 to 200 centimeters (60 to 79 inches); about 60 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and about 40 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; massive; firm; common very fine tubular pores; common fine prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate masses; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 108D-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, Western Part, Adair County, Iowa subset; about 6 miles north of Greenfield; located about 1,617 feet east and 2,109 feet south of the northwest corner of section 18, T. 76 N., R. 31 W; USGS Rosserdale topographic quadrangle; lat. 41.382500 degrees and long. -94.466667 degrees; WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon--25 to 50 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--greater than 75 centimeters
Depth to argillic horizon--25 to 50 centimeters
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--30 to 35 percent
Content of sand in the particle size-control section (weighted average)--20 to 40 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 10 percent

Ap and A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--loam, clay loam, or silt loam
Clay content--24 to 35 percent
Sand content--20 to 45 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral

AB horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--loam, clay loam, or silt loam
Clay content--24 to 35 percent
Sand content--20 to 45 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral

Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--clay loam
Clay content--30 to 38 percent
Sand content--20 to 45 percent
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral

Bk or Btk horizon (if present):
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--clay loam or loam
Clay content--25 to 36 percent
Sand content--20 to 45 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--4 to 20 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

BC and C horizon (if present):
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--clay loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content--25 to 36 percent
Sand content--30 to 50 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 to 30 percent
Reaction--neutral to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Atkinson, Burchard, Cokato, Cresco, Cresent, Durand, Friesland, Griswold, Hitt, Jasper, Joslin, Keosauqua, Kishwaukee, Marbletown, Moingona, Morrill, Nuxmaruhanixete, Parmod, Penfield, Reedslake, Ringwood, Rockton, Schoolcraft, Sibleyville, Velma, and Winnebago series.
Atkinson--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 150 centimeters
Burchard--have carbonates within a depth of 75 centimeters
Cokato--have a clay content of 18 to 27 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Cresco--do not have carbonates within a depth of 100 centimeters
Cresent--have a clay content of 2 to 10 percent and a sand content of 70 to 95 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Durand--have matrix hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section
Friesland--have a clay content of less than 27 percent, have a sand content of less than 40 percent, and do not have rock fragments in the lower third of the series control section
Griswold--have carbonates within a depth of 102 centimeters, have a rock fragment content of 10 to 35 percent, and have calcium carbonate equivalent ranging from 10 to 40 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Hitt--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 150 centimeters and have matrix hues of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section
Jasper--have a clay content of 5 to 20 percent, have an average sand content of 45 to 70 percent, and have less than 10 percent gravel in the lower third of the series control section
Joslin--have a matrix hue of 2.5YR and have a clay content averaging between 35 and 50 percent in the middle third of the series control section
Keosauqua--have a clay content of 2 to 10 percent, have a sand content of 80 to 90 percent, and have a rock fragment content of 1 to 10 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Kishwaukee--have a clay content of 18 to 30 percent and have a rock fragment content of 15 to 35 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Marbletown--have a paralithic contact in sandstone or shale within a depth of 150 centimeters
Moingona--have carbonates within depths of 75 to 150 centimeters and have a clay content of 15 to 30 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Morrill--have matrix hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section and have a clay content of 5 to 30 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Nuxmaruhanixete--have a clay content of 2 to 5 percent and have a rock fragment content of 15 to 60 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Parmod--have carbonates within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters, have calcium carbonate equivalent range of 15 to 40 percent, and have a rock fragment content of 3 to 15 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Penfield--have a clay content of 12 to 32 percent, have a sand content of 45 to 65 percent and have a rock fragment content of less than 15 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Reedslake--have a zone in the lower one third of the series control section that is saturated for at least 30 consecutive days during April to July in normal years
Ringwood--have a clay content of less than 20 percent and have a rock fragment content of 10 and 40 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Rockton--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 100 centimeters
Schoolcraft--have a sand content of more than 80 percent and have a rock fragment content of 0 to 25 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Sibleyville--have sandstone or sandy and silty shale within a depth of 100 centimeters
Velma--have a reaction range of very strongly acid or strongly acid in the middle part of the series control section
Winnebago--have matrix hue of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle part of the series control section and have a clay content of less than 20 percent in the lower third of the series control section

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--till
Landform--convex side slopes, crests, and narrow interfluves on dissected till plains
Slope--1 to 40 percent
Elevation--195 to 460 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--9 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--840 to 940 millimeters
Frost-free period--175 to 200 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Adair, Aksarben, Clarinda, Olmitz, Pawnee, and Sharpsburg soils.
Adair--are at higher landscape positions on side slopes and have a clay content of 38 to 46 percent in the particle-size control section
Aksarben--are at higher landscape positions on interfluves and have a sand content that averages less than 10 percent in the particle-size control section
Clarinda--are at slightly higher landscape positions on side slopes and head slopes, have a clay content of 40 to 60 percent in the particle-size control section, and have matrix chroma of 2 or less throughout the series control section
Olmitz--are at lower landscape positions on base slopes and have mollic epipedons 60 to 100 centimeters
Pawnee--are at higher landscape positions and have 40 to 48 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Sharpsburg--are at higher landscape positions on interfluves and have a sand content that averages less than 10 percent in the particle-size control section

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained--a saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters during April to June in normal years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--1.00 to 10.00 micrometers per second
Surface runoff potential--low to high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Nearly level to gently sloping areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and legume hays. Steeper slopes are pastured. The native vegetation is big bluestem, little bluestem, indiangrass, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--Dissected till plains, Till plains
MLRAs--Nebraska and Kansas Loess Drift Hills (106),
Iowa and Missouri Deep Loess Hills (107),
Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108), and
Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (109)
LRR M; southern and western Iowa, northeastern Kansas, northern Missouri, and eastern Nebraska
Extent--large

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Shelby County, Missouri, 1903.

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from 28 to 78 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, and Bt3 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 152 centimeters (Ap, AB, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, and Btk horizons).

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 28 centimeters (Ap and AB horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 28 to 152 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, and Btk horizons);
udic moisture regime.

The redoximorphic features described in this pedon are believed to be relict and were not considered as indicators of current wetness conditions. These features were not considered in the classification of these soils.

Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.

Taxonomy version--twelfth edition, 2014.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska many pedons.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.