LOCATION WIDGETT VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Humic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Widgett extremely channery fine sandy loam on a 16 percent southeast facing slope, in cutover woodland (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) extremely channery very fine sandy loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2), dry; moderate medium granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many fine through coarse roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; 2 percent subrounded stones and 25 percent subrounded gravel and 40 percent subangular channers; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2--2 to 9 inches; dark olive brown (2.5Y 3/3) extremely channery very fine sandy loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3), dry; weak medium granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; few fine mica flakes; 25 percent subrounded gravel and 40 percent subangular channers; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 5 to 12 inches thick.)
Bt1--9 to 16 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) very channery loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; common clay bridges between sand grains; few fine mica flakes; 50 percent subangular channers; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--16 to 24 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery clay loam; moderate medium subangular and angular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine through coarse roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; few discontinuous clay films on all faces of peds; few fine mica flakes; 20 percent subangular flagstones and 65 percent subangular channers; very strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 6 to 30 inches)
Ct--24 to 35 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) extremely channery loam; few medium prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) mottles; massive; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; few fine flakes of mica; 65 percent channers, 20 percent flagstones; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
R--35 inches; hard amphibolite gneiss bedrock; indurated; very high excavation difficulty.
TYPE LOCATION: Patrick County, Virginia; about 6.0 miles north of Stuart; 1.8 miles north of the intersection of US Highway 58 and Secondary Road 640 on US Highway 58; 0.15 mile west of US Highway 58 on logging road; adjacent to logging road on west side in recently harvested woodland; USGS Stuart, VA quadrangle; lat. 36 degrees 43 minutes 09.00 seconds N; long. 80 degrees 17 minutes 55.00 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 5 to 12 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 15 to 40 inches
Depth to Bedrock: 20 to 40 inches to hard bedrock. Soft bedrock, where present, is at a depth of more than 20 inches and is less than 5 inches thick.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 60 inches
Rock Fragment Content: 15 to 80 percent in the A, E, and upper B horizons, 35 to 80 percent in the lower B horizon, and 35 to 95 in the C horizon
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, unless limed
Organic matter content: 2 to 8 percent in the A horizon, 0.0 to 0.5 percent in the B and C horizons
(Effective) Cation Exchange Capacity: 2 to 15 milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil in the A horizon; 1 to 7 in B horizon; and 0 to 4 in the C horizon
Shrink-swell potential: Low
Mica Content: less than 20 percent, by volume
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 or less moist and 5 or less dry, and chroma of 1 to 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam. Eroded phases include sandy clay loam. Some pedons have a mucky modifier.
Clay content--10 to 27 percent
AB or BA horizons (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam
Clay content--10 to 27 percent
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Mottles (where present)--shades of red, brown, and yellow
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. Some pedons have subhorizons of sandy loam or fine sandy loam.
BC horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Mottles (where present)--shades of red, brown, and yellow
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
Clay content--12 to 27 percent
Ct horizon or C/Bt horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Cr layer:
Bedrock kind--soft, felsic to mafic high-grade metamorphic rock such as mica schist, mica gneiss, or amphibolite
Bedrock hardness--extremely weakly cemented to moderately cemented
Fracture interval--greater than 4 inches
Excavation difficulty--low to high
R layer (where present):
Bedrock kind--hard, felsic to mafic high-grade metamorphic rock such as mica schist, mica gneiss, or amphibolite
Bedrock hardness--strongly cemented to indurated
Fracture interval--greater than 4 inches
Excavation difficulty--very high or extremely high
COMPETING SERIES: To be revised with next revision of Soil Taxonomy.
Toecane soils--formed in colluvium and more than 60 inches to bedrock
Thunder soils--formed in colluvium and more than 60 inches to bedrock
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Mountains, plateaus
Landform: Mountain slopes, ridges, escarpments
Geomorphic Component: Mountain top, mountain flank, interfluves, side slopes, head slopes
Hillslope Profile Position: Summits, shoulders, back slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from felsic to mafic high-grade metamorphic rock high in mica
Slope: 2 to 95 percent
Elevation: 2600 to 3500 feet in unshaded areas, 1600 to 3500 feet in cool shaded areas (coves, north- and northeast-facing slopes)
Frost Free Period: 155 to 195 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 57 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 65 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bellspur soils--have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the subsoil
Cowee soils--do not have a dark surface horizon
Cullasaja soils--formed in colluvium
Edneytown soils--do not have a dark surface horizon
Evard soils--do not have a dark surface horizon
Kibler soils--have soft bedrock at a depth of 40 to 60 inches
Pigeonroost soils--do not have a dark surface horizon
Porters soils--have hard bedrock at a depth of 40 to 60 inches
Saunook soils--formed in colluvium and have bedrock at a depth of more than 60 inches
Thunder soils--formed in colluvium and have bedrock at a depth of more than 60 inches
Trimont soils--are more than 60 inches to bedrock
Tusquitee soils--formed in colluvium and have bedrock at a depth of more than 60 inches
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Woodland, pasture and hayland.
Dominant Vegetation: Where wooded--yellow poplar, eastern white pine, Virginia pine, red oak, white oak, chestnut oak, post oak, hickory, black gum, red maple, and black locust. Understory--dogwood, rhododendron, and mountain laurel.
Where cultivated--cabbage, corn, small grain.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Patrick County, Virginia, 2008.
REMARKS: Widgett soils were previously included with the Cliffield and Peaks soils. Soil creep is evident in some pedons on steep and very steep slopes.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Umbric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 9 inches (A1 and A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 9 to 24 inches (Bt horizons)
Lithic contact--35 inches (upper boundary of the R layer)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 35 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: This pedon sampled as S99VA141015. Additional reference samples are S99VA141016 and S99VA141017.
DATA MAP UNIT ID: 533812
Pedon Record ID: 260712