LOCATION BURCHARD NE+IA KSEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Burchard clay loam, on an 8 percent slope, in native rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 33 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 46 centimeters thick)
Bt--33 to 48 centimeters; about 60 percent brown (10YR 4/3) and about 40 percent mixing of dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 60 centimeters thick)
Btk--48 to 74 centimeters; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common fine and medium roots; thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; soft accumulations of segregated lime; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 76 centimeters thick)
Bk--74 to 94 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; moderate medium angular blocky structure; hard, friable; few very fine, fine and medium roots in cracks; many medium and coarse soft accumulations of segregated lime; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters thick)
C--94 to 152 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; weak coarse and medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm; many fine seams and pockets of soft lime; about 5 percent by volume gravel; many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) soft masses of iron; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Pawnee County, Nebraska; about 1 mile north and 2 miles east of Burchard, Nebraska; about 400 feet west and 400 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 5, T. 2 N., R. 10 E.; USGS Burchard quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 9 minutes 43 seconds N. and long. 96 degrees 18 minutes 50 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture--udic moisture regime
Depth to argillic horizon--20 to 46 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--30 to 76 centimeters
Depth to redox concentrations (if they occur)--56 to 203 centimeters
Content of clay in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--27 to 35 percent
Content of sand in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--20 to 45 percent
fine sand and sand coarser than fine sand
Rock fragment content--1 to 10 percent gravel by volume
A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 to 5 dry and 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Clay content--18 to 30 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 to 7 dry and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--clay loam
Clay content--27 to 35 percent, but some pedons may have subhorizons with clay content
as much as 38 percent
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral
Btk horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 7 dry and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--loam or clay loam
Clay content--18 to 30 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--5 to 10 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Bk horizon (if present):
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 7 dry and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma--2 to 6
Texture--loam or clay loam
Clay content--18 to 30 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--5 to 10 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
C horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--6 to 7 moist or dry
Chroma--2 to 3
Texture--loam or clay loam
Clay content--25 to 35 percent
Sand content--30 to 45 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--10 to 15 percent
Gypsum content--0 to 2 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Atkinson, Calmar, Cokato, Cresco, Cresent, Durand, Friesland, Griswold, Hitt, Hochheim, Jasper, Joslin, Keosauqua, Kishwaukee, Marbletown, Markesan, Moingona, Morrill, Nuxmaruhanixete (T), Pana, Parmod, Penfield, Reedslake, Ringwood, Rockton, Rotamer, Schoolcraft, Shelby, Sibleyville, Velma, Winnebago and Wyanet series.
Atkinson--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 114 centimeters
Calmar-- have limestone bedrock within a depth of 102 centimeters
Cokato--have less than 27 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section
Cresco--do not have carbonates within a depth of 102 centimeters
Cresent--have 2 to 10 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section
Durand--have hues of 2.5YR to 7.5YR in the particle-size control section
Friesland--do not have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters
Griswold--have 20 and 32 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Hitt--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 152 centimeters
Jasper--do not carbonates within a depth of 89 centimeters
Joslin--have hues of 2.5YR in the lower part of the series control section
Keosauqua--do not have carbonates within a depth of 203 centimeters
Kishwaukee--have 15 to 35 percent gravel in the lower part of the series control section
Marbletown--have sandstone or shale bedrock within a depth of 152 centimeters
Moingona--do not have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters
Morrill--have hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the particle-size control section
Nuxmaruhanixete (T)--have 15 to 60 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section
Pana--do not have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters
Parmod--have 15 to 40 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the lower part of the series control section
Penfield--do not have carbonates within a depth of 89 centimeters
Reedslake--have a zone in the lower one third of the series control section that is saturated for at least 30 consecutive days during April to July in most years
Ringwood--have rock fragment content of 10 to 40 percent in the lower part of the series control section
Rockton--have limestone bedrock within a depth of 102 centimeters
Schoolcraft--have more than 80 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section
Shelby--do not have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters
Sibleyville--have sandstone or sandy and silty shale within a depth of 102 centimeters
Velma--do not have carbonates within a depth of 107 centimeters 42 inches
Winnebago--have hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the particle-size control section
Wyanet--have clay content of 10 to 20 percent in the lower part of the series control section
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--calcareous till
Landform--uplands
Slopes--2 to 40 percent
Mean annual air temperature--11 to 13 degrees C (52 to 55 degrees F).
Mean annual precipitation--64 to 84 centimeters
Frost-free period--160 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aksarben,
Mayberry,
Morrill,
Pawnee,
Shelby,
Steinauer, and
Wymore soils.
Aksarben soils are at higher elevations and have 35 to 42 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Mayberry soils are at higher elevations on summits and have less than 5 percent sand in the particle-size control section
Morrill soils are on landform positions similar to those of the Burchard soils and have hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the particle-size control section
Pawnee soils are at higher elevations and have 40 to 48 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Shelby soils are on landform positions similar to those of the Burchard soils and do not have carbonates within a depth of 76 centimeters
Steinauer soils are on landform positions similar to those of the Burchard soils and have carbonates within a depth of 25 centimeters
Wymore soils are at higher elevations and have 42 to 55 percent clay in the particle-size
control section
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class; well drained; saturation occurs at depths greater than 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of most years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity; moderately slow
Surface runoff--medium or high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Approximately one-half the acreage is cultivated and the remainder is in native range.
The principal crops are corn, grain sorghum, winter wheat and alfalfa hay. The native vegetation is mostly big and little bluestem, Indiangrass, switchgrass and sideoats grama.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Eastern Nebraska, western Iowa, and northeastern Kansas; LRR M, MLRAs 102B, 106, 107; This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Otoe County, Nebraska, 1943
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 33 to 74 centimeters (Bt and Btk
horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters (A, Bt,
Btk, Bk, and C horizons);
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 33 centimeters (A horizon);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 33 to 74 centimeters (Bt and Btk horizons).
Cation-exchange class is inferred from lab data for similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.
CL 6/2008 Removed SE units from document. Edited English errors and converted SE
units to metric.
09/2008 GJJ removed English units as well as converted some to metric and changed
some of the format.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--data from two pedons are on pages 24-27 of "Soil Survey Laboratory
Data and Descriptions for Some Soils of Nebraska," Soil Survey Investigations Report
No. 5.