LOCATION RIDGWAY IL
Established Series
Rev. WSM-CCC-TAF
03/2011
RIDGWAY SERIES
The Ridgway series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in loess or silty sediment and the underlying loamy and sandy outwash or stratified alluvium on stream terraces and flood plains. These soils have moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in the upper part and high Ksat in the lower part. Slope gradients are 0 to 18 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1067 mm (42 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Ridgway silt loam - on a rarely flooded northeast-facing nearly level slope of 1/2 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 110 meters (361 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [18 to 25 cm (7 to 10 inches) thick]
BE--25 to 35 cm (10 to 14 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt coatings on faces of peds; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches) thick]
Bt1--35 to 56 cm (14 to 22 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--56 to 75 cm (22 to 30 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; common distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges between 35 to 60 cm (14 and 24 inches)]
2Bt3--75 to 99 cm (30 to 39 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;friable; common distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
2Bt4--99 to 124 cm (39 to 49 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon ranges from 30 to 75 cm (12 to 30 inches)]
2E and Bt--124 to 200 cm (49 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand (E part); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam lamella (Bt part); weak very thick platy structure; very friable (E part); weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable (Bt part); few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films as bridges between sand grains (Bt part); moderately acid. [0 to 125 cm (0 to 50 inches) thick]
TYPE LOCATION: White County, Illinois; about 7 miles east-northeast of New Haven; 900 feet west and 354 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 1, T. 7 S., R. 10 E. U.S.G.S. Emma, IL topographic quadrangle; Latitude 37 degrees, 56 minutes, 59.4 seconds N. and Longitude 88 degrees, 02 minutes, 48.5 seconds W.; UTM Zone 16 0408027 easting and 4200771 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of soil development: 125 to over 200 cm (50 to over 80 inches)
Depth to layers containing more than 15 percent fine sand and coarser: 60 to 100 cm (24 to 40 inches)
Thickness of loess or silty material: 60 to 100 cm (24 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section averages: 27 to 35 percent clay; 5 to 30 percent total sand with less than 15 percent being fine sand or coarser
Series control section: contains less than 15 percent by volume rock fragments in all layers; ranges from neutral to very strongly acid and contains at least one subhorizon that is moderately acid or stronger
Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (6 or 7 dry), some A horizons less than 18 cm (7 inches) thick may have moist value of 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam
Structure: granular
Moist consistence: friable or very friable
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent; eroded pedons may be as high as 27 percent
Sand content: 5 to 30 percent; less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser
Rock content: 0 to 5 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.30 to 1.50 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0
Sodium absorption ratio: 0-3
Organic matter content: 1.00 to 2.50 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
E and/or BE horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (6 or 7 dry)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Structure: platy or subangular blocky
Moist consistence: friable or very friable
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Sand content: 5 to 30 percent; less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser
Rock content: 0 to 5 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.30 to 1.50 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0
Sodium absorption ratio: 0 to 3
Organic matter content: 0.50 to 1.25 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
Bt horizon(s):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam
Structure: subangular blocky and less often angular blocky
Moist consistence: friable or firm
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Sand content: 5 to 30 percent; less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser.
Rock content: 0 to 5 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.35 to 1.55 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0
Sodium absorption ratio: 0 to 3
Organic matter content: 0.25 to 0.50 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
2Bt horizon(s):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy loam (including all size modifiers), loam, silt loam, clay loam, and/or sandy clay loam
Structure: subangular blocky and prismatic
Moist consistence: friable or very friable
Clay content: 15 to 30 percent
Sand content: 20 to 65 percent; greater than 15 percent fine sand or coarser
Rock content: 0 to 15 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.50 to 1.75 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0
Sodium absorption ratio: 0 to 3
Organic matter content: 0.15 to 0.35 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
2E and Bt or 2BCt horizon(s)(where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sand, loamy sand, and/or sandy loam (including all size modifiers)
Structure: subangular blocky (Bt part), platy (E part), or subangular blocky, prismatic
Moist consistence: very friable or friable
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Sand content: 52 to 90 percent
Rock content: 0 to 15 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.55 to 1.75 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0
Sodium absorption ratio: 0 to 13
Organic matter content: 0.15 to 0.35 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
2C horizon(s)(where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: sand, loamy sand, and/or sandy loam (including all size modifiers) commonly stratified
Structure: single grain or massive
Moist consistence: loose or very friable
Clay content: 0 to 15 percent
Sand content: 52 to 100 percent
Rock content: 0 to 15 percent
Moist bulk density: 1.60 to 1.80 gm/cc
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15
Sodium absorption ratio: 0 to 13
Organic matter content: 0.05 to 0.25 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bertrand,
Blackhammer,
Camden,
Dodge,
Dubuque,
Fayette,
Flagg,
Greenridge,
Hackers,
Jackson,
Jemerson,
Knowles,
La Farge,
Lambeau,
Lomira,
Martinsburg,
Menfro,
Middletown,
Navlys,
Palermo,
Palsgrove,
Pepin,
Piscasaw,
Rozetta,
Ruma,
Rush,
Russell,
Seaton, St.
Charles,
Stookey,
Sylvan,
Thebes, and
Yellowriver series. Bertrand, Fayette, Jackson, Martinsburg, Menfro, Middletown, Palermo, Seaton, St. Charles, and Sylvan soils have less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in all horizons within a depth of 100 cm. Dubuque, Knowles, La Farge, and Palsgrove soils have a lithic or paralithic contact at depths less than 150 cm. Blackhammer soils have more than 15 percent rock fragments in the lower half of the series control section. Blackhammer, Camden, Piscasaw, and Thebes soils have average temperatures of less than 13 degrees C. in the temperature control section. Dodge and Lomira soils have series control sections that do not extend beyond 40 inches. Russell soils do not have subhorizons with more than 52 percent sand in the lower part of the control section. Flagg and Hackers soils have hues redder than 7.5YR on faces of peds or in the matrix of at least one subhorizon of the lower one-half of the control section. Greenridge soils have soil color hues of 5Y, 5YG, 10GY, or 5G in the lower part of the series control section that are associated with residuum weathered from glauconitic sandstone. Jemerson soils average 22 to 27 percent clay in the particle size control section. Lambeau soils have a lithic contact with sandstone within 200 cm. Navlys soils have carbonates above 100 cm. Piscasaw soils average less than 55 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Rozetta, Ruma, and Stookey soils average less than 15 percent sand throughout the series control section. Rush soils have more than 15 percent gravel in the lower part of the control section. Yellowriver soils average less than 10 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ridgway soils are on outwash plains, stream terraces, and high flood plains. Slope gradients are between 0 and 18 percent. These soils formed in 60 to 100 cm (24 to 40 inches) of loess or silty sediment and in loamy or sandy outwash or stratified alluvium. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 12 to 15 degrees C (54 to 59 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 1015 to 1220 mm (40 to 48 inches). Frost-free period is 175 to 205 days. Elevation is 100 to 225 meters (325 to 735 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Alvin,
Crawleyville,
Geff,
Hickory,
Sexton, and
Skelton soils. The somewhat poorly drained Crawleyville and Skelton soils have a mantle of loess less than 60 cm thick and are in positions below the Ridgway soils. Hickory soils formed in less than 50 cm of loess and the underlying till and are on steep valley slopes above Ridgway soils. Alvin and Skelton soils are on similar landforms as Ridgway soils. Sexton soils are poorly drained and Geff soils are somewhat poorly drained and are in the hydrosequence with Ridgway soils.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The depth to the top of an apparent seasonal water table is greater than 200 cm in normal years. The potential for surface water runoff is low to medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers per second) in the upper part and high to very high (42.34 to 141.14 micrometers per second) in the lower part of the series control section. Permeability is moderate in the upper part and rapid in the lower part of the series control section. Ridgway soils on high floodplains or low stream terraces are subject to rare flooding for very brief or brief periods between November and June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Ridgway soils are used mainly for cultivated crops. The soils formed under mixed hardwood forest vegetation.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 113, 114B, 115A and 115B in south-central Illinois and possibly southern Indiana. The extent is small.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: White County, Illinois, 1990.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 35 cm. (Ap and BE horizons);
Argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 35 to 200 cm. (Bt1, Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, and lamella in the 2E and Bt horizons)
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.