LOCATION ACADIANA LA

Established Series
DRM-RM
05/2014

ACADIANA SERIES

The Acadiana series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in loamy and clayey alluvium of late Pleistocene age. These very gently sloping to gently sloping soils are on side slopes of erosional stream channels on uplands. Slopes are dominantly 1 to 3 percent, but range to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1549 mm (61 in), and mean annual air temperature is about 20 degrees C (68 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Vertic Paleudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Acadiana silt loam--improved pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many fine roots; few fine black iron-manganese concretions; few dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) masses of oxidized iron around roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 20 cm [3 to 8 in] thick)

E--13 to 23 cm (5 to 9 in); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; common fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 30 cm [2 to 12 in] thick)

Bt1--23 to 36 cm (9 to 14 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; few fine pores; few faint clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron and few medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--36 to 48 cm (14 to 19 in); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common fine roots; few fine pores; few faint clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; common fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron and common medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bt horizons range from 15 to 30 cm [6 to 12 in].)

Bt/E--48 to 61 cm (19 to 24 in); 70 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay (Bt), and pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam (E); strong medium subangular blocky structure; clay is moderately hard, firm; silt loam is slightly hard, friable; common fine roots; few fine and medium pores; common distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions (E material) make up 30 percent of this horizon; the E portion consists of 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 in) wide bands between peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; many medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 33 cm [3 to 13 in] thick)

B't--61 to 81 cm (24 to 32 in); 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 35 percent red (2.5YR 4/6) and 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; common fine roots; few fine and medium pores; many distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; areas in the matrix with yellowish brown and red colors are masses of oxidized iron and the areas of gray are iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 30 cm [0 to 12 in} thick)

2Btss--81 to 109 cm (32 to 43 in); 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 35 percent red (2.5YR 4/6) and 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; common distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; areas with yellowish brown and red colors are masses of oxidized iron and the areas of gray are iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in] thick)

2Bss1--109 to 137 cm (43 to 54 in); brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and medium pores; few distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; common distinct pressure faces; few medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses and streaks of oxidized iron and few fine and medium prominent light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2Bss2--137 to 168 cm (54 to 66 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and medium pores; few distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; common fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; few medium prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the 2Bss subhorizons ranges from 0 to more than 102 cm [0 to more than 40 in])

3Bssg1--168 to 191 cm (66 to 75 in); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and very fine random tubular pores; many prominent slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many fine and medium black and brownish iron-manganese concretions; many coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

3Bssg2--191 to 203 cm (75 to 80 in); light olive gray (5Y 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure; moderately hard, firm; few fine and very fine random tubular pores; many prominent slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many fine and medium black and brownish iron-manganese concretions; common coarse prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; slightly alkaline. (combined thickness of the 3Bssg subhorizons range from 0 to more than 102 cm [0 to more than 40 in])

TYPE LOCATION: Acadia Parish, Louisiana; 0.6 mile south from junction of U.S. Highway 190 and parish road P7-1 in Basile; 375 ft northwest of pasture gate; USGS topographic quadrangle: Acadia; (650 ft south and 625 ft east of the center of section 6); Latitude: 30 degrees, 28 minutes, 17 seconds N; Longitude: 92 degrees, 36 minutes, 35 seconds W; Datum: WGS 84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control secion is not dry in some or all parts for more than 90 cumulatve days in normal years.
Thickness of the solum is more than 203 cm (80 in).
Mean annual soil temperature: 19.9 to 21.7 degrees C (68 to 71 degrees F)
Depth to glossic horizon: 10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 in)
Aluminum saturation is less than 10 percent in the A and E horizons, 45 to 65 percent in the Bt and B/E horizons, and decreases to less than 20 percent in the Bss horizons.

Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent

Ap (A where present) Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (Where value is 3, the horizon is less than 15 cm (6 in) thick.
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam or silt loam
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, shades-brown
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none or few, kind-concretions
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)

E Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: very fine sandy loam or silt loam
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, shades-brown
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-none to common, kind-concretions
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)

BE(where present) Horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many, shades-brown
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)

Bt Horizons
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many, shades-brown or red
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, shades-gray or brown
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)

Bt/E Horizon
B part
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: silty clay or clay of Bt part
E part
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam or loam of E part

Texture: silty clay or clay dominate after mixing
Clay content of horizon: 40 to 60 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many, shades-red or brown
Redox depletions: amount-few to many, shades-gray
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid (4.5 to 6.5)

B't Horizon (this horizon is absent in some pedons)
Variegated matrix in shades of brown, red and gray (reddish and brownish colors are masses of oxidized iron)
Texture: silty clay or clay
Clay content: 45 to 60 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral (5.1 to 7.3)

2Btss Horizon (this horizon is absent in some pedons)
Variegated matrix in shades of brown, red and gray (reddish and brownish colors are masses of oxidized iron)
Texture: silty clay or clay
Clay content: 40 to 60 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid. (4.5 to 6.0)

2Bss Horizons
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay
Clay content: 45 to 60 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, shades-red and brown
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, shades-gray
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline (5.1 to 7.8)

3Bssg Horizon (this horizon is absent in some pedons)
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay or clay (most pedons are clay or silty clay)
Clay content: 35 to 70 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to many, shades-red and brown
Redox depletions: amount-none to common, shades-gray
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 to 8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Boswell (MS) and Gore (LA)series in the same family. Similar soils are the Acadia (LA), Anahuac (TX), Iota (LA), Orcadia (TX), and Woodville (TX) series.
Boswell and Gore soils: have an upper argillic that is redder than 7.5YR; do not have a glossic horizon
Acadia soils: do not have vertic properties within 127 cm (50 in) of the mineral soil surface.
Anahuac soils have a mollic epipedon; glossic horizon in the lower part of the pedon.
Iota (LA) and Woodville (TX)soils: do not have a loamy upper Bt horizon. Orcadia, and also Iota, and Woodville soils: have smectitic mineralogy. Iota soils have a clay decrease within 60 in from the mineral soil surface. In addition, Anahuac and Orcadia soils have a hyperthermic soil temperature regime.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Pleistocene age loamy and clayey alluvium derived from igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock
Landscape: coastal plains
Landform: stream terraces
Slope: 1 to 3 percent, but range to 5 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 1499 to 1651 mm (59 to 65 in.)
Precipitation Pattern: fairly uniform throughout the year with slight peaks in the spring and fall months
Mean annual air temperature: 19.3 to 22.2 degrees C (67 to 72 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 245 to 304 days
Elevation:9 to 24.4 m (29.5 to 80 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Basile(LA), Crowley (LA), Iota (LA), Kaplan (LA), Vidrine (LA), and Kinder (LA) soils.
Basile soils:fine-silty particle-size control section; on flood plains.
Crowley and Kaplan soils: do not have a glossic horizon; on convex ridges and sideslopes at higher elevations.
Iota soils: do not have a glossic horizon; on steeper side slopes.
Kinder soils: fine-silty particle-size control section; on broad stream divides at higher elevations.
Vidrine soils: coarse-silty over clayey particle-size control section; are on circular mounds at higher elevations.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is very high. This soil has water perched above the clayey Bt horizon and is saturated from about 30 to 91 cm (12 to 36 in) below the soil surface for more than 1 month during December to April, but does not meet aquic conditions in normal years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is in pasture and woodland. Woodland is mostly loblolly pine with mixed hardwoods. Pasture is mainly bahiagrass or common bermudagrass. The remaining acreage is in cropland, mainly cotton, soybeans, corn, wheat, or rice.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southcentral to southwest Louisiana; Gulf Coast Prairie (MLRA 150A) of Louisiana; LRR T. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Acadia Parish, Louisiana; 2000.

REMARKS: The Acadiana soils were formerly included in the Acadia series.The classification was changed during the soil data join recorrelation initiative.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - 0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 in) (Ap and E horizon).
Argillic horizon - 23 to 109 cm (9 to 43 in) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt/E, B't, and Btss horizons).
Glossic horizon - 48 to 61 cm (19 to 24 in) (Bt/E horizons).
Active class - CEC to clay ratio in the particle-size control section ranges from 0.45 to 0.55.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data from the National Soil Survey Laboratory (S93LA-001-18) Acadia Parish, LA.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.