LOCATION ANIGON WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Anigon silt loam - on a plane slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 1160 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
E--10 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate thin platy structure; friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
B/E--14 to 20 inches; about 70 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on some faces of peds; penetrated by brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate thin platy structure; friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (glossic horizon - 4 to 20 inches thick)
Bt1--20 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint clay films on faces of peds; many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt2--30 to 34 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; about 3 percent cobbles and 3 percent gravel; many fine roots; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
3C1--34 to 47 inches; stratified brown (7.5YR 4/4) coarse sand and reddish brown (5YR 4/4) coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 10 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; few fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
3C2--47 to 60 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) stratified gravelly coarse sand and very gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; 35 percent gravel and about 4 percent cobbles; few fine roots; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Polk County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles south and 2 miles east of Balsam lake; 150 feet west and 800 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 25, T. 34 N., R. 17 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:Depth to the base of the argillic horizon, thickness of the silty mantle, and depth to stratified sandy outwash all range from 20 to 40 inches. The weighted average clay content in the argillic horizon ranges from 18 to 27 percent and the weighted average content of fine sand or coarser is less than 15 percent. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 40 percent in the loamy lower subsoil (transition zone). Volume of gravel in the sandy outwash ranges from 3 to 45 percent as a weighted average but ranges from 0 to 65 percent in individual strata. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid throughout the pedon except it ranges to neutral in the upper part, where the soil is limed. Free carbonates are absent to depths of more than 5 feet.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Where moist value is 3, dry value is greater than 5.5. Uncultivated areas have an A horizon 1 to 5 inches thick, with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value, dry of 7 or more. It is silt loam or silt.
Anigon soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 6.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above.
The 2Bt transition horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam or the gravelly, or very gravelly analogs.
Some pedons have a 3Bt horizon (2Bt horizon in pedons without a loamy transition horizon between the silty mantle and outwash) with color like the 2Bt horizon described above. It is loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, coarse sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs.
The 3C horizon (2C horizon in pedons without a loamy transition horizon between the silty mantle and outwash) has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. Typically it is stratified sand, coarse sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs, but some individual strata may be extremely gravelly.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Brill series. A similar soil is the Antigo series. Brill soils have a zone of saturation with redoximorphic concentrations above the sandy outwash where saturation occurs up to 30 days duration in normal years. Antigo soils average 15 percent or more fine sand or coarser and less than 18 percent clay in the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Formed in 20 to 40 inches of loess or silty alluvium underlain by stratified sandy outwash.
Landform: Outwash plain, valley trains, and stream terraces, but some are on kames, eskers, glacial lake basins, and small outwash areas within moraines.
Slope: 0 to 25 percent.
Elevation: 800 to 1950 feet.
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches.
Frost-free days: 120 to 135 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Blackriver, Brander, Brill, Maplehurst, Oesterle, Poskin, Rib, Ribriver, Rosholt, Scoba, and Scott Lake soils.
The moderately well drained Brander and Brill soils, the somewhat poorly drained Poskin soils, and the poorly drained Rib soils are in a drainage sequence with Anigon soils. Brill soils are on less sloping or flatter landscape positions. Brander, Poskin, and Rib soils are on lower landscape positions associated with apparent water tables, or are adjacent to moraines.
The moderately well drained Blackriver and Ribriver soils, and the somewhat poorly drained Maplehurst soils are on nearby landscapes with Anigon soils where the silty mantle is more than 40 inches thick. Blackriver soils are on less sloping or flatter landscape positions. Ribriver and Maplehurst soils are on lower landscape positions associated with apparent water tables, or are adjacent to moraines.
The well drained Rosholt soils, moderately well drained Scoba and Scott Lake soils, and the somewhat poorly drained Oesterle soils are on nearby landscapes with Anigon soils where the silty mantle is thin or absent. Rosholt soils are on similar landscape positions. Scoba, Scott Lake, and Oesterle soils are on lower landscape positions associated with apparent water tables, or are adjacent to moraines.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is low to very high. Permeability is moderate in the silty and loamy mantle and rapid or very rapid in the sandy outwash.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil have been cleared and are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. In some places, potatoes and snap beans are important crops. Some areas are used for pastureland and some remain in woodland. Native vegetation is dominantly deciduous forest with a few conifers in some areas. Common trees are American elm, American basswood, eastern white pine, red pine, sugar maple, northern red oak, yellow birch, white ash, big tooth aspen, quaking aspen, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Wisconsin. LRR K and MLRA 90B. This soil is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin, 1993.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section - the zone from 14 to 40 inches.
Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 14 inches (Ap, E).
Albic horizon - the sone from 10 to 14 inches (E).
Glossic horizon - the zone from 14 to 20 inches (B/E).
Argillic horizon - the zone from 14 to 34 inches (B/E, Bt1, 2Bt2).
Transition zone - the zone between the silty mantle and sandy outwash from 30 to 34 inches (2Bt2).
Lithologic discontinuity - at the upper boundary of the 2Bt2 horizon at 30 inches and at the upper boundary of the 3C1 horizon at 34 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Former Soil Interpretation Record - WI0495. Refer to soil survey sample number S75WI-095-5 for NSSL data on the typical pedon or see SSI Report No. 34. (Sampled in 1975 as Antigo series - Correlated to Anigon in 1991.)