LOCATION ARLAND WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Arland fine sandy loam, on a convex, north-facing slope of 10 percent, in a cultivated field, at an elevation of about 337 meters above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 20 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; some brown (7.5YR 4/3) soil mixed in by plowing; about 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
E--20 to 25 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam, pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; few fine roots; some very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) soil in worm and root channels; about 1 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
E/B--25 to 38 centimeters; about 80 percent brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; extends as tongues into and surrounds remnants of reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
B/E--38 to 58 centimeters; about 55 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; penetrated by tongues of brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; about 4 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt--58 to 91 centimeters; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; about 6 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
2Cr--91 to 152 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 90B-Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till,, Southern Part, Barron County, Wisconsin subset; about 4 miles east of Chetek; located about 500 feet south and 400 feet west of the northeast corner of section 26, T. 33 N., R. 10 W.; USGS Moose Ear Lake topographic quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 19 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 91 degrees 33 minutes 48 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of loess or silty mantle--0 to 60 centimeters
Depth to paralithic contact with sandstone--50 to 100 centimeters
Clay content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--10 to 18 percent
Sand content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--30 to 70 percent
Ap horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--3 or 4
Chroma--2 or 3 (where value is 3, moist, value is 6 or more, dry)
Texture--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--20 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, igneous-mixed lithology
Reaction--pH 4.5 to 7.3
Thickness--15 to 25 centimeters
A horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--20 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, igneous-mixed lithology
Reaction--pH 4.5 to 7.3
Thickness--0 to 13 centimeters
E horizon and the E part of the E/B or B/E horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--20 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, igneous-mixed lithology
Reaction--pH 4.5 to 7.3
Thickness of the E horizon--0 to 20 centimeters
Thickness of the E/B horizon--0 to 40 centimeters
Bt part of the E/B or B/E horizon (when present) and Bt horizon (when present):
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--3 to 6
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content--10 to 18 percent
Sand content--30 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, igneous-mixed lithology
Reaction--pH 4.5 to 6.5
Thickness of the B/E horizon--5 to 75 centimeters
Thickness of the Bt horizon--0 to 40 centimeters
Some pedons with B/E horizons do not have Bt horizons
Some pedons have a layer of sandy residuum above the sandstone
2Bt or 2BC horizon (3Bt or 3BC horizon in pedons with a silty mantle) (when present):
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--4 to 8
Chroma--2 to 8
Texture--loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand
Clay content--2 to 10 percent
Sand content--75 to 99 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, sandstone channers
Reaction--pH 4.5 to 6.5
Thickness of the 2Bt horizon--0 to 15 centimeters
Thickness of the 2BC horizon--0 to 15 centimeters
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Amery,
Automba,
Goodland,
Itasca,
Kennan,
Langlade,
Marathon,
Pemene,
Rosholt,
Santiago,
Scoba, and
Steamboat series.
All of these competitors do not have a paralithic contact with sandstone within a depth of 100 centimeters
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--50 to 10 centimeters of till underlain by sandstone
Landform--knolls, ridge tops, and side slopes of glaciated bedrock-controlled uplands
Slope--1 to 35 percent
Elevation--205 to 595 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 8 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--660 to 865 millimeters
Frost-free period--110 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Amery,
Haugen,
Freeon,
Magnor,
Santiago, and
Siouxcreek soils.
Amery--are on landscape positions similar to those of Arland soils and do not have a paralithic contact with sandstone within a depth of 100 centimeters
Freeon--are on landscape positions similar to those of the Arland soils or are on slightly lower landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.75 and 1 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Haugen--are on landscape positions similar to those of the Arland soils or are on slightly lower landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.75 and 1 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Magnor--are on lower landscape positions in drainageways and depressions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.3 and 0.75 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Santiago--are on landscape positions similar to those of the Arland soils and do not have a paralithic contact with sandstone within a depth of 100 centimeters
Siouxcreek--are on lower landscape positions in drainageways and depressions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.45 and 0.75 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained--a frequently saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--4.00 to 42.00 micrometers per second in the silty and loamy mantle and 1.00 to 42.00 micrometers per second in the sandstone
USE AND VEGETATION:
The more gently sloping areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, small grains, and hay. The more steeply sloping areas are pastured or forested. The native vegetation is mixed hardwood forest, with principal species including northern red oak, northern pin oak, white oak, white ash, American basswood, quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, yellow birch, sugar maple, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Western Lake section
MLRAs--Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till, Northern Part (90A), and Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till, Southern Part (90B)
LRR K; central and northwestern Wisconsin
Extent--moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota; MLRA SSO 10-9 (Rhinelander, Wisconsin).
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin, 1950.
REMARKS:
Particle size control section--the zone from a depth of 38 to 88 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 116 centimeters.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 38 centimeters (Ap, E, and E/B horizons);
albic horizon--the zone from a depth of 20 to 38 centimeters (E and E/B horizons);
glossic horizon--the zone from a depth of 25 to 58 centimeters (E/B and B/E horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 38 to 91 centimeters (B/E and Bt horizons);
paralithic contact--at a depth of 91 centimeters (2Cr horizon);
udic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange activity class is based on laboratory data of similar or adjacent soils.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.