LOCATION LANGLADE WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Langlade silt loam - on a northeast-facing slope of 1 percent in a field of potatoes at an elevation of about 1,588 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 12 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel and cobbles; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
E--12 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; moderate thin and medium platy structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel and cobbles; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
B/E--14 to 22 inches; about 70 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 4 percent gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 18 inches thick)
Bt1--22 to 31 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt and uncoated very fine sand grains primarily on vertical faces of peds; about 4 percent gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--31 to 42 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt and uncoated very fine sand grains primarily on vertical faces of peds; about 5 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 8 to 20 inches.)
2Bt3--42 to 47 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt and uncoated very fine sand grains primarily on vertical faces of peds; about 9 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt4--47 to 53 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds and clay bridging between most mineral grains; about l8 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 30 inches thick)
3C--53 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) stratified sand to very gravelly sand; single grain; loose; about 27 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Langlade County, Wisconsin; about 6 miles east of Neva Corners; 132 feet north and 2, 163 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 29, T. 32 N., R. 12 E. USGS Bryant Wis. Quad. Latitude 45 degrees 13 minutes 10 seconds N. Longitude 89 degrees 1 minute 43 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon and depth to sandy outwash both range from 40 to 60 inches and coincide in some pedons. Thickness of the silty mantle ranges from 26 to 42 inches. The particle-size control section averages between 6 and 18 percent clay. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 5 percent in the silty mantle , from 0 to 25 percent in the 2Bt horizons, and from 5 to 60 percent in individual strata in the sandy outwash. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 2 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 5 percent below. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the solum and from strongly acid to slightly acid in the substratum. Some pedons exhibit characteristics in the lower horizons similar to fragipans, such as firm consistence and platy structure, but these features are not believed to be diagnostic.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Value is greater than 5.5 when dry. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the Ap or A horizon is silt loam.
Some pedons have a Bs horizon as much as 9 inches thick immediately below the Ap or A horizon. The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 or 4; and chroma of 4. It does not meet the chemical requirements for a spodic horizon. Texture is silt loam.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value, dry, of 7 or more. Texture is silt loam.
Langlade soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is silt loam.
The Bt horizon has color and texture like the Bt part described above. .
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is sandy loam, loam, or the gravelly analogs.
Some pedons have a 3Bt or 3BC horizon with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is , loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand or coarse sand or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs.
The 3C horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is stratified sand, coarse sand, or the gravelly, very gravelly, or extremely gravelly analogs.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Amery,
Arland,
Automba,
Goodland,
Itasca,
Kennan,
Marathon,
Pemene,
Rosholt,
Santiago, and
Steamboat series. Amery, Automba, Itasca, Kennan, Marathon, Pemene, Santiago, and Steamboat soils have less than 85 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Arland soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Goodland, Rosholt, and
Scoba soils are less than 40 inches deep to sandy outwash.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on glacial outwash plains. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. These soils formed in a mantle of loess or silty alluvium and in loamy alluvium overlying sandy and gravelly outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 27 to 35 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 40 to 45 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Antigo and Scott Lake soils. They are on nearby areas where the depth to the underlying sand and gravel is less than 40 inches. Moderately well drained Scott Lake soils are in nearby drainageways. Antigo soils are on similar landscape positions, but have thinner sola.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to medium. Permeability is moderate in the silty and loamy mantle and rapid or very rapid in the sandy outwash.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are used for cropland. Common crops are potatoes, corn, small grains, and hay . Most areas used for growing potatoes are irrigated. A few areas are in woodland or pastureland. Native vegetation is deciduous and coniferous forests with sugar maple, white ash, American basswood, northern red oak, eastern white pine, quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, American elm, yellow birch, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Wisconsin. The soils of this series are moderately extensive, but occur exclusively in Langlade County, Wisconsin.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Langlade County, Wisconsin, 1984.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included with the Antigo series as a deep phase. Langlade pedons appear to straddle coarse-silty, fine-loamy, and coarse-loamy particle-size family; however, the coarse-loamy particle-size appears to be the best placement for the use and management of this soil. As time permits, a more representative pedon should be selected to characterize the Langlade series in the coarse-loamy particle-size class.
Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are: Ochric epipedon - 0 to 12 inches (Ap). Albic horizon - 12 to 14 inches (E). Argillic horizon - 14 to 53 inches (B/E, Bt1, Bt2, 2Bt3, 3Bt4).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to Soil Survey Sample number S8WI-067-341 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.