LOCATION BREWBACK SC
Established Series
MLB-HEH-DTA
12/2019
BREWBACK SERIES
Soils of the Brewback series are moderately deep and somewhat poorly drained. They formed in residuum from basic rocks or mixed acid and basic rocks on Piedmont uplands. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. Mean annual air temperature is above 60 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is about 47 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Aquertic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Brewback fine sandy loam-forested (Colors are for moist soil.)
A--0 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common coarse and many fine and medium roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
BE--4 to 6 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) sandy clay loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many medium and fine roots; common medium faint light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) iron depletions; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--6 to 9 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine and medium roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common nonintersecting slickensides; common medium faint pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) iron depletions; 3 percent fine manganese concretions; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick).
Btss1--9 to 21 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; common nonintersecting slickensides; common medium prominent gray (2.5Y 6/1) iron depletions; 3 percent fine manganese concretions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Btss2--21 to 28 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few very fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; common nonintersecting slickensides; 3 percent fine manganese concretions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of Btss horizons is 15 to 40 inches)
BCt--28 to 30 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) clay loam; weak, fine subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent fine manganese concretions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
Cr--30 to 65 inches; moderately weathered diabase. (2 to 30 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: York County, South Carolina; about 11.3 miles south southeast of York, South Carolina, from the intersection of Secondary Road 737 (Champion Road) and Secondary Road 560 (Williamston Road); about 1800 feet south southeast on Secondary Road 560; about 250 feet 270 degrees west; in field; Lowrys, South Carolina USGS topographic quadrangle; lat. 34 degrees 52 minutes 12 seconds N and long. 81 degrees 08 minutes 38 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 20 to 40 inches thick. Depth to soft bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. Depth to hard bedrock is more than 60 inches. Most pedons have manganese concretions in the solum. The A, E, BA, BE, and Bt horizons range from strongly acid through neutral and the BC, CB, and C horizons range from moderately acid through mildly alkaline.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
The BA or BE horizons, where present, have hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6. They range from sandy loam through clay.
The Btss horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Redoximorphic depletions with chroma of 3 or less are in the upper 10 inches. Some subhorizons are mottled without dominant matrix color. The Btss horizon is dominantly clay, but ranges to include clay loam and sandy clay.
The BCt horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 2 to 8 or are mottled without dominant matrix hue. Texture is clay loam or clay in the fine earth fraction.
The C horizon, where present, commonly is multicolored. It is loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam saprolite.
The Cr horizon is partially weathered, fractured basic igneous and metamorphic rock.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family. Soils in similar families include the
Crawfordville and
Virgilina series. Crawfordville soils do not have a very high shrink-swell potential and have an abrupt texture change. Virgilina soils have smectitic mineralogy and a depth to lithic contact of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brewback soils are on nearly level to strongly sloping uplands of the thermic southern Piedmont. Slopes are usually broad and only slightly dissected, with gradients ranging from 0 to 15 percent. The bedrock is weathered diabase and similar rock materials. Mean annual air temperature is 60 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 45 inches. The frost free period ranges from 195 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Enon,
Frogsboro,
Iredell,
Pittsboro,
Winnsboro, and
Wynott soils. Enon soils are very deep and well drained. Frogsboro soils are very deep. Iredell soils are very deep and moderately well drained. Pittsboro and Wynott soils are moderately well drained. Winnsboro soils are deep and well drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is slow to rapid. Permeability is very slow in the Btss horizon.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are forested to species of oak, red maple, red cedar. A relatively small acreage is cropped or is in pasture and idle land. Crops include corn, small grain, and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Carolina. The series is of moderate extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: York County, South Carolina, 2009.
REMARKS: This soil was formerly included with the Iredell and Pittsboro soils. Iredell soils are well drained and Pittsboro soils are moderately well drained.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 6 inches (Ap and E horizons).
2. Argillic horizon - the zone from 6 to 30 inches (Bt, Btss, and BCt horizons).
3. Aquertic feature - iron depletions in upper 10 inches of Bt horizon and a linear extensibility of 6.0 or more between the surface and the paralithic contact.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
BREWBACK 0-15 60-62 195-210 40-45 250-500
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NONE 0.5-2.5 PERCHED DEC-MAY 20-40 SOFT
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
0-6 FSL SL 0-0 75-100 10-20 -
6-9 CL C 0-0 75-100 18-40 -
9-28 C SC 0-0 75-100 35-60 -
28-30 CL SCL 0-0 75-100 10-35 -
30 WB - - - -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
0-6 5.1- 6.5 1.-3. 0-0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
6-9 5.1- 7.3 0.-.5 0-0 0.2- 0.6 HIGH
9-28 5.6- 7.8 0.-.5 0-0 0.06-0.2 VERY HIGH
28-30 5.6- 7.8 0.-.5 0-0 0.2-0.6 MODERATE
30 - - - 0.00-0.01
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.