LOCATION BROOKMAN GA+FL NC SCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Umbric Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Brookman clay loam, on a smooth concave slope in forest.
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described, the soil was wet below 11 inches.)
A--0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, sticky; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
Btg1--10 to 15 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--15 to 33 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay; few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common medium and large tree roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; common nodules of calcium carbonate in pockets; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg3--33 to 58 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay; common medium prominent gray (N 5/0) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; many coarse nodules of calcium carbonate in pockets; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg4--58 to 65 inches; coarsely mottled gray (10YR 6/1), yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and greenish gray (5G 5/1) clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many coarse nodules of calcium carbonate; neutral. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizons is 55 to more than 75 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: Camden County, Georgia; 2.8 miles north on U.S. Highway 17 from junction with Georgia Highway 40; 150 feet west of highway. (Kingsland, GA.-FLA. (1958) USGS Quadrangle, lat. 30 degrees, 50 minutes, 23 seconds N., and long. 81 degrees, 41 minutes, 56 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to 90 inches. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the A, Btg1, Btg2 and Btg3 horizons and from very strongly acid to slightly alkaline in the Btg4 horizon. There are none to many nodules of calcium carbonate and shell fragments in the Btg horizons. Flakes of mica range from none to common.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2; or it is neutral with value of 2 or 3. It is loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, or clay loam or the mucky analogues.
The upper part of the Btg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, value of 3 through 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 3 through 7. Mottles may occur in shades of red, brown, yellow, gray and olive. Texture is clay, clay loam, silty clay loam or sandy clay. The clay content of the particle size control section is 35 to 55 percent and contains more than 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand. The lower part of the Btg horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 through 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or is neutral with value of 4 through 7; or the lowest part is reticulately mottled in shades of gray, green, yellow, brown and red. It is clay, sandy clay or sandy clay loam, and includes thin strata of loam.
The BCg horizon, where present, has colors similar to the Btg horizon, or is reticulately mottled in the same colors as the lower Btg horizon. It is sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, fine sandy loam or sandy loam.
The Cg horizon, where present, is mottled in same colors as the horizon above. It is sandy clay loam, sandy loam or loamy sand; or it is stratified sandy or loamy sediments. Nodules of calcium carbonate and shell fragments range from few to many.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Samba series in the same family and the Bayboro, Byars, Cape Fear, Ellabelle, Fellowship, Martel, Stockade, Surrency, and Wadmalaw series in similar families. Bayboro, Byars, Cape Fear, Ellabelle and Surrency soils have base saturation less than 35 percent; in addition, Ellabelle and Surrency soils have thick sandy A horizons. Stockade soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control sections. Fellowship and Martel soils have mean annual soil temperatures of 72 degrees F, or more. Samba soils formed in silty alluvium on stream terraces and have less than 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand in the control section. Wadmalaw soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section and umbric epipedon is less than 10 inches thick.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brookman soils are on broad, shallow depressions of the Pamlico terraces and flood plains in the lower Coastal Plain. Slopes are mainly less that 2 percent. Elevation is 5 to 100 feet. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 48 to 56 inches and is well distributed throughout the year. Mean annual temperature ranges from 59 to 70 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Bayboro, Ellabelle and Stockade series and the Argent, Bladen, Grifton, Meggett, Okeetee and Yonges series. Argent, Bladen, Grifton, Meggett, Okeetee and Yonges soils do not have umbric epipedons and are on slightly higher elevations.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Brookman soils are very poorly drained. Runoff is very slow, and permeability is slow. A water table is at a depth of 0 to 1.0 foot late in winter and early spring, and occasionally in the summer and fall.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas remain in native vegetation consisting of gums, cypress, oaks, palms, maples and water tolerant grasses. Cleared areas are used for production of corn, soybeans, oats, and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Lower Coastal Plains of Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Florida. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Glynn County, Georgia; 1977.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Umbric epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 15 inches (A, Btg1 horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from a depth of 10 to 65 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3 and Btg4 horizons).
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation GA0065 BROOKMAN 0- 2 65- 70 250-285 48- 50 5- 100 GA0094 BROOKMAN 0- 2 65- 70 250-285 48- 50 5- 100SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness GA0065 NONE COMMON 0-1.0 APPARENT NOV-MAY 60-60 GA0094 NONE - APPARENT - 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- GA0065 0-15 CL L SIL 0- 0 95-100 5-30 10- 20 GA0065 0-15 MK-L MK-SIL MK-FSL 0- 0 95-100 5-25 15- 30 GA0065 15-58 SC C CL 0- 0 98-100 35-55 10- 15 GA0065 58-65 SC C SCL 0- 0 90-100 20-55 8- 15 GA0094 0-15 CL L SIL 0- 0 95-100 5-30 10- 20 GA0094 0-15 MK-L MK-SIL MK-FSL 0- 0 95-100 5-25 15- 30 GA0094 15-58 SC C CL 0- 0 98-100 35-55 10- 15 GA0094 58-65 SC C SCL 0- 0 90-100 20-55 8- 15
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll GA0065 0-15 4.5- 6.5 3.-10 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW GA0065 0-15 4.5- 6.5 10-20 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW GA0065 15-58 4.5- 6.5 1.-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 MODERATE GA0065 58-65 5.1- 7.8 0.-.5 0- 0 0.06- 0.2 MODERATE GA0094 0-15 4.5- 6.5 3.-10 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW GA0094 0-15 4.5- 6.5 10-20 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW GA0094 15-58 4.5- 6.5 1.-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 MODERATE GA0094 58-65 5.1- 7.8 0.-.5 0- 0 0.06- 0.2 MODERATE
MLRA= 152A, 153A, 153B