LOCATION CANINA KS+OK
Established Series
TCB-WMR-SLM
03/2016
CANINA SERIES
The Canina series consists of very deep, well drained, and moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy, calcareous, eolian loess deposits of Holocene age. These soils are on nearly level to sloping plains and parna dunes of the Southern High Plains, Northern Part (MLRA 77A). Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual temperature is 13 degrees C (55 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is 460 mm (18 in).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Calcidic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Canina loam--on a 1.5 percent convex slope, on a parna dune, in rangeland at an elevation of 855 m (2814 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine granular; soft, very friable; common very fine and many fine roots; few medium and few fine pores; common worm casts; few fine threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along pores; strongly effervescent (11 percent calcium carbonate); slightly alkaline, pH 7.8; clear smooth boundary.
A2--15 to 33 cm (6 to 13 in); brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; soft, very friable; few very fine and common fine roots; few fine pores; common worm casts; few fine threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels; few fine carbonate nodules in matrix; violently effervescent (25 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.0; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Ap and A horizons is 13 to 28 cm [5 to 11 in])
Btk1--33 to 47 cm (13 to 18 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; common very fine and few medium roots; few fine pores; few distinct clay films on all faces of peds; common worm casts; few fine and common medium carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels; violently effervescent (28 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.1; clear smooth boundary.
Btk2--47 to 68 cm (18 to 27 in); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; common prominent organic stains on all faces of peds; common prominent clay films on all faces of peds; few worm casts; few fine carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels and common medium carbonate masses in matrix; violently effervescent (26 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.1; gradual smooth boundary.
Btk3--68 to 103 cm (27 to 41 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; strong coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; very few medium and very few fine roots; few medium and common fine pores; distinct silt coats on horizontal faces of peds; common distinct clay films on all faces of peds; common faint organic stains on all faces of peds; few worm casts; few fine threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels and few fine carbonate masses in matrix; violently effervescent (25 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; gradual smooth boundary.
Btk4--103 to 138 cm (41 to 54 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium prismatic parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; very few very fine roots; few medium and common fine pores; few faint clay films on vertical faces of prismatic peds; common fine carbonate nodules in matrix; few fine threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels; violently effervescent (26 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.3; diffuse smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk and 2Btk horizons (where present) is 66 to 186 cm [26 to 73 in])
BCk--138 to 203 cm (54 to 80 in); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) silty clay loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to horizontally bedded stratified parna of medium and fine sand-sized carbonate particles, and silt; slightly hard, friable; very few very fine roots; few medium and common fine pores; few fine threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels; violently effervescent (26 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.3.
TYPE LOCATION: Beaver County, Oklahoma; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 412 State Highway 23 in Elmwood, 6 miles south on State Highway 23, then 2 miles east on county road E-W 330; 2260 ft (689 m) east and 975 ft (297 m) south of the northeast corner of Section 29, Township 1N, Range 24E, Cimarron Meridian.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Clear Lake SW, OK
Latitude: 36 degrees, 31 minutes, 35.4 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 29 minutes, 40.1 seconds W
Datum: NAD83
Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.5265007
Longitude: -100.4944687
UTM Easting: 366203 m
UTM Northing: 4043386 m
UTM zone 14S
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 100 to 200 cm (40 to 80 in)
Thickness of ochric epipedon: 10 to 38 cm (4 to 15 in)
Thickness of argillic horizon: 50 to 173 cm (20 to 68 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 15 TO 79 cm (6 to 31 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Silicate clay: 20 to 30 percent
A or Ap horizon(s):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, and 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 moist or dry
Other features: where this horizon meets the color requirements of a mollic epipedon, it fails to meet the thickness and/or organic carbon requirements
Texture: loam, or silt loam
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)
Upper Bk horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, and 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam (the sand fraction is dominated by very fine sand)
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-1 to 5 percent; kind-films, filaments, masses, nodules or finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9-8.4)
Btk horizons (and 2Btk horizons where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam (the sand fraction is dominated by very fine sand)
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-5 to 25 percent; kind-films, filaments, masses, nodules or finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 30 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9-8.4)
BCk or Ck horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, and 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy loam, loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-5 to 25 percent; kind-films, filaments, masses, nodules or finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 30 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline (7.9-8.4)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Acantilado (CO),
Cahona (CO),
Kucu (CO),
Plughat (CO), and
Villegreen (CO) soils.
Acantilado soils: formed in alluvium from sandstone and shale, and has up to 15 percent coarse fragments in the particle-size control section
Cahona soils: formed in eolian material derived from sandstone, and have a shorter frost-free period
Kucu soils: formed in eolian material derived from sandstone over alluvium, and have up to 10 percent coarse fragments in the particle-size control section
Plughat soils: formed in loess and alluvium over residuum and have a lithic contact from 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in) below the soil surface
Villegreen soils: formed in loess over sandstone and have a lithic contact from 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) below the soil surface
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous loess and parna of late Pleistocene and Holocene age
Landscape: tablelands
Landform: plains and parna dunes
Slope: 0 to 8 percent
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 180 but less than 205 days, cumulative, in normal years. July through August and December through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through June.
Mean annual air temperature: 12 to 14 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 381 to 584 mm (15 to 23 in)
Frost-free period: 170 to 200 days
Elevation: 750 to 1430 ft (2460 to 4700 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 25 to 36
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Balko,
Belfon,
Bigbow,
Conlen,
Dalhart,
Eva,
Forgan,
Hansford,
Hugoton,
Knoblaw,
Lautz,
Optima,
Oslo,
Plack, Twichell,
Vorhees, Waka, and
Zella soils.
Balko, Twichell, and
Zella soils: occur in slightly lower positions, have a mollic epipedon, and a fine particle-size class
Belfon and
Forgan soils: occur in slightly lower positions, have a mollic epipedon, do not have a calcic horizon above 100 cm (40 in), and have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Bigbow and
Dalhart soils: occur in slightly lower positions, do not have a calcic horizon above 100 cm (40 in), and have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Conlen soils: occur in lower positions, have a mollic epipedon, and have carbonatic mineralogy
Eva soils: occur on similar landscape positions, do not have a calcic horizon, and have a coarse-loamy particle-size class
Hansford,
Knoblaw, and
Lautz soils: occur in lower playa positions, and have a fine particle-size class
Hugoton and
Oslo soils: occur on similar positions and have a mollic epipedon
Optima soils: occur on higher positions, do not have a calcic horizon, and have a sandy particle-size class
Plack soils: occur in lower positions, have a mollic epipedon, and have a petrocalcic horizon at 10 to 50 cm (4 to 20 in)
Vorhees soils: occur on similar landscape positions, do not have an argillic horizon, and have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Waka soils: occur in lower draw positions, have a mollic epipedon greater than 50 cm (20 in), and do not have an argillic horizon or a calcic horizon
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well drained
Permeability: moderate
Runoff: negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes and very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for cropland. Principle crops grown are wheat, grain sorghum, and corn. Climax vegetation is mainly mid and short grasses and includes blue grama, sideoats grama, and buffalograss, with lesser amounts of vine-mesquite, western wheatgrass, tobosa, silver bluestem, wild alfalfa, and prairie clover.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR-H; Southern High Plains, Northern part (MLRA 77A) of Southwest Kansas, the Oklahoma Panhandle, and Northeastern Texas Panhandle. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stevens County, Kansas; 2003.
REMARKS: These soils were previously included with the Ulysses series that was correlated in areas now identified as MLRA 77A.
Series revised as part of the SDJR initiative, 2016. The pedon type location and description was moved a site with supporting KSSL data. Range in characteristics and horizon data were changed.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 in) (A1, A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 33 to 138 cm (13 to 54 in) (Btk horizons)
Calcic horizon: 15 to 203 cm (6 to 80 in) (BCk horizon)
Particle-size family: fine-silty
Particle-size control section: 33 to 83 cm (13 to 33 in)
Secondary carbonates: 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in)
ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL laboratory data available, Lincoln, NE: S1987OK007005, S2004OK007003 (TL) (Beaver County, OK); S1993KS189002 (Stevens County, Kansas)
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.