LOCATION CREX WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, frigid Oxyaquic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Crex loamy fine sand, on a 1 percent slope, in a forested area, at an elevation of about 884 feet above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oe--0 to 1 inches; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) mucky peat (hemic material, which is a mat of partially decomposed forest litter); about 80 percent fiber and 20 percent rubbed; weak thin platy structure; very friable; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)
A1--1 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loamy fine sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
A2--4 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loamy fine sand, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 1 to 9 inches.)
Bw1--7 to 21 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--21 to 33 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw3--33 to 40 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; many coarse distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons ranges from 21 to 45 inches)
C1--40 to 71 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
C2--71 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) sand, single grain; loose; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Burnett County, Wisconsin; about 6 miles south of Grantsburg; about 1,730 feet south and 50 feet west of the northeast corner of section 21, T. 37 N., R. 19 W; USGS Trade River quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 40 minutes 51 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 42 minutes 51 seconds W., NAD83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: (Unless otherwise stated, thickness and depth are measured from the top of the mineral soil.) Thickness of the solum ranges from 30 to 50 inches. The particle-size control section averages 50 percent or more fine sand. Rock fragments are absent throughout the pedon. Depth to carbonates is greater than 80 inches. Reaction typically ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid in the solum but ranges to neutral in the upper part, where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the substratum. Redox accumulations and saturation occur within 40 inches at some time in most years.
The O horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR or is neutral in hue. Value is 2 to 3 and chroma is 0 to 2. The O horizon is a mat of partially decomposed forest litter.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. Cultivated pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loamy fine sand.
Some pedons have an AB horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is loamy fine sand or fine sand.
The Bw horizons have hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is fine sand or loamy fine sand.
The C horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. Texture is fine sand or sand. Some pedons have strata of loamy fine sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Lenroot, Mooers, Pelkie, Sissabagama, Sunia, Tourtillotte and Wurtsmith series. Lenroot soils average between 15 and 35 percent rock fragments by volume in the particle size control section. Mooers, Sissabagama, Sunia and Wurtsmith soils average less than 50 percent fine sand in the particle-size control section. Pelkie soils have an irregular decrease in organic matter with depth and are on flood plains and subject to flooding. Tourtillotte soils average less than 50 percent fine sand in the particle-size control section and are underlain by stratified lacustrine deposits in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Parent Material: Sandy eolian deposits
Landform: outwash plains or lake plains
Slope: 0 to 3 percent slopes
Elevation: 700 to 1000 feet
Mean annual air temperature: ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: ranges from 28 to 33 inches
Frost-free period: ranges from 110 to 130 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lino, Newson, and Shawano series. The excessively drained Shawano soils, the somewhat poorly drained Lino soils, and the poorly drained Newson soils form a drainage sequence with Crex soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible or low . Permeability is rapid. Crex soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at depths of 2.5 to 3.5 feet for 1 month or more per year at some time from October to June in 6 or more out of 10 years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for woodland. Common trees are jack pine and northern pin oak. Some areas are cleared and used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin. This soil is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Burnett County, Wisconsin, 2003. Source of the name is Crex Meadows Public Hunting Grounds.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon: 1 to 7 inches (A1, A2).
Oxyaquic feature: redox features and saturation within 40 inches for some time in most years.
ADDITIONAL DATA: For NSSL data on the typical pedon refer to soil survey sample number S92WI013011.