LOCATION CYGNET OH
Established Series
Rev. DNM-RAR-KEM
09/2012
CYGNET SERIES
The Cygnet series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that are deep to dense till. They formed in loamy glaciolacustrine material 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) thick and in the underlying till. These soils are on beach ridges and longshore bars on lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C (51 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Cygnet loam, on a south-facing, 0.5 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 236 meters (775 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Ap2--10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; 5 percent intermixing of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) Bt1 material; common faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coatings on faces of peds; few fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) spherical masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 4 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Ap horizon is 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches).]
Bt1--30 to 48 cm (12 to 19 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; few faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common faint brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions on faces of peds; common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few medium distinct black (10YR 2/1) spherical masses of manganese accumulation in the matrix; 4 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--48 to 69 cm (19 to 27 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and few faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese accumulation on faces of peds; 3 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--69 to 91 cm (27 to 36 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; few faint brown (10YR 5/3) and many distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese accumulation on faces of peds; common medium distinct black (10YR 2/1) spherical masses of manganese accumulation in the matrix; 3 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--91 to 104 cm (36 to 41 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 3 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt5--104 to 114 cm (41 to 45 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay bridging between sand grains; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 4 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bt6--114 to 127 cm (45 to 50 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam with pockets of dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels and pores; many distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay bridging in the pockets of loam; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese accumulation in the matrix; 1 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 61 to 96 cm (24 to 38 inches).]
2BC--127 to 142 cm (50 to 56 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) coatings on vertical faces of peds; common distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) carbonate coatings on vertical faces of peds; common distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) hypocoats along vertical faces of peds; 2 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 30 cm (12 inches) thick]
2Cd1--142 to 173 cm (56 to 68 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay; massive, with widely spaced vertical fractures; very firm; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) carbonate coatings on fractures; 2 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
2Cd2--173 to 203 cm (68 to 80 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam; massive; very firm; 2 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Allen County, Ohio; about 1.5 miles west-northwest of Gomer, in Sugar Creek Township; about 2620 feet east and 1020 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 19, T. 2 S., R. 6 E.; USGS Elida, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 50 minutes 53 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 12 minutes 55 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 84 to 127 cm (33 to 50 inches)
Thickness of the solum: 84 to 152 cm (33 to 60 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 84 to 152 cm (33 to 60 inches)
Depth to densic contact: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Rock fragments: glacial erratics, primarily of limestone, dolostone, shale, and crystalline lithology
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 (6 or more dry)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6; 2 is allowed in the lower part
Texture: clay loam, loam, or sandy clay loam or the gravelly analogs of these textures; sandy loam is allowed in the lower part
Rock fragment content: 0 to 30 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral
Some pedons have a BC, C, or Cg horizon.
2BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Rock fragment content: 1 to 7 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
2Cd or 2Cdg horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 42 percent
Rock fragment content: 1 to 7 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 35 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bogart,
Centerburg,
Haney,
Houcktown,
Jenera,
Jugtown,
Nicely,
Reaville,
Scattersville,
Swampoodle,
Thackery,
Tuscola,
Vallonia (T),
Vanlue, and
Williamstown series. Bogart soils have more than 7 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Centerburg, Haney, Jenera, Jugtown, Nicely, Scattersville, Swampoodle, Thackery, Tuscola, and Vanlue soils do not have a densic contact within the series control section. Houcktown soils have till within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Reaville soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Williamstown soils have less than 27 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. No OSD on file for Vallonia series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cygnet soils are on low beach ridges and longshore bars on lake plains of late Wisconsinan age. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Cygnet soils formed in loamy glaciolacustrine material 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) thick and in the underlying till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 914 mm (27 to 36 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 11 degrees C (45 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period is 140 to 165 days. Elevation is 183 to 244 meters (600 to 800 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aurand,
Haskins,
Hoytville, and
Shawtown soils. The somewhat poorly drained Aurand soils are mainly on footslopes of beach ridges and longshore bars. The somewhat poorly drained Haskins soils are on slight rises. The very poorly drained Hoytville soils are on flats and in depressions on lake plains. The well drained Shawtown soils are on backslopes of more sloping beach ridges and longshore bars.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 30 to 61 cm (1 to 2 feet) between January and April in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the upper part of the solum, moderately low in the lower part of the solum, and low in the dense till. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the solum, moderately slow or slow in the lower part of the solum, and slow or very slow in the dense till.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cygnet soils are cultivated. Corn, soybeans, small grains and hay are the principal crops. A small proportion is in woodland. Native vegetation is deciduous forest, primarily ash, beech, elm, and maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Ohio and possibly eastern Indiana and southern Michigan; MLRA 99. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hancock County, Ohio, 1997.
REMARKS: Cygnet soils are being converted from Haney and Digby soils during modernization projects in MLRA 99.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 30 cm (Ap1, Ap2 horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 30 to 127 cm (Bt horizon).
Densic contact: at 142 cm (top of the 2Cd1 horizon).
Aquic conditions: redox features visible between the depths of 30 and 142 cm.
Supporting laboratory data is needed to confirm the presence of densic materials in the 2Cd horizon.
Representative DMU ID number is 129484.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory characterization data from The Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory is available for AL-128, the typical pedon.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.