LOCATION DELWAY NC
Established Series
Rev. JAG-JAK-MCR
09/2023
DELWAY SERIES
Depth class--Very deep
Drainage--Very poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--High or very high in the organic horizons and moderately high to high in the mineral layers
Parent Material--Herbaceous and woody organic materials underlain by fluviomarine deposits
Geomorphic location--Brackish tidal salt marsh platforms
Slope range for Series--Less than 1 percent
Mean Annual temperature--17 degrees C (62 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation--1,346 millimeters (53 inches)
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, euic, thermic Terric Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Delway mucky peat, brackish marsh--wildlife habitat. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oese -- 0 to 16 cm (0 to 6 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) broken face and rubbed, mucky peat; H4 von Post scale, 40 percent unrubbed fiber, 25 percent rubbed; many fine and medium roots, few coarse roots; slight sulfurous odor; slightly acid (6.10 pH, 1:1 water), very strongly acid (4.78 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; electrical conductivity (4.05 dS/m, 1:5 water); clear smooth boundary.
Oase1--16 to 34 centimeters (6 to 13 inches); black (10YR 2/1) broken face and rubbed, muck; H7 von Post scale, 30 percent unrubbed fiber, 15 percent rubbed; many fine and medium roots, few coarse roots; slight sulfurous odor; neutral (6.91 pH, 1:1 water), strongly acid (5.19 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; electrical conductivity (3.84 dS/m, 1:5 water); clear smooth boundary.
Oase2--34 to 62 centimeters (13 to 24 inches); black (10YR 2/1) broken face and rubbed, muck; H7 von Post scale, 10 percent unrubbed fiber, 1 percent rubbed; 1 percent coarse charcoal and wood fragments; common fine roots, few medium roots; moderate sulfurous odor; neutral (6.91 pH, 1:1 water), strongly acid (5.36 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; electrical conductivity (3.20 dS/m, 1:5 water); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the O horizons is 40 to 130 centimeters.)
Aseg--62 to 102 centimeters (24 to 40 inches); black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam; massive; friable; moderately fluid; slight sulfurous odor; neutral (6.89 pH, 1:1 water), moderately acid (5.84 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide; electrical conductivity (2.85 dS/m, 1:5 water); gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 50 centimeters thick)
Cseg1--102 to 134 centimeters (40 to 53 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam; common coarse prominent black (10YR 2/1) lenses of organic matter; massive; nonfluid; firm; slight sulfurous odor; neutral (6.64 pH, 1:1 water), moderately acid (5.57 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; electrical conductivity (2.43 dS/m, 1:5 water); slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide; clear smooth boundary.
Cseg2--134 to 200 centimeters (53 to 79 inches); gray (5Y 5/1) loam; few black (10YR 2/1) coarse root channels; massive; nonfluid; firm; slight sulfurous odor; neutral (6.67 pH, 1:1 water), strongly acid (5.28 pH, 1:1 water) after moist incubation; electrical conductivity (2.22 dS/m, 1:5 water); slightly effervescent with 30% hydrogen peroxide. (70 to 160 cm thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Hyde County, North Carolina; in Swanquarter approximately 2.40 miles southeast of the northeastern most intersection of Farrow Road and Quarter Road (Secondary Road 1124), 1400 feet due west of Juniper Bay in the marsh; Swanquarter USGS topographic quadrangle.
Latitude--35.378267
Longitude-- -76.264481
Datum--WGS84
Coordinates source--from hand-held GPS
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of O horizon--40 to 130 centimeters (16 to 51 inches)
Depth to Bedrock--Greater than 200 centimeters (80 inches)
Soil moisture--These soils have peraquic moisture and are tidally flooded daily
Soil Reaction--Extremely acid to slightly alkaline in O horizons and very strongly acid to slightly alkaline in A and C horizons
Electrical Conductivity (1:5 soil-water)--greater than 2.0 dS/m
Oese horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR to 2.5Y or Neutral
Value--2 to 4
Chroma--0 to 2
Unrubbed fiber--25 to 75 percent
Rubbed fiber content-- 17 to 40 percent
Von Post-H4 to H6
Some pedons have thin lenses (<5 cmm thick) of mineral materials.
Oase horizon
Hue--2.5YR to 2.5Y or Neutral
Value--2 to 4
Chroma--0 to 2
Unrubbed fiber--10 to 40 percent
Rubbed fiber content--less than 17 percent
Von Post--H7 to H10
Some pedons have lenses of fibric or hemic organic materials. Some pedons contain wood fragments 5 to 10 percent by volume in the deeper Oase horizons indicating deposition in a freshwater swamp prior to tidal marsh formation.
Aseg or Ase horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR to 5Y or Neutral
Value-2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--sandy loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam and mucky analogues
Iron concentrations and / or depletions can occur
Manner of failure-Moderately or very fluid.
Cseg horizon
Hue--10YR to 5GY or is Neutral
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--0 to 2
Texture--loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Iron concentrations and / or depletions can occur
Manner of failure--Nonfluid to moderately fluid.
COMPETING SERIES:
Mattan soils--lack sulfurous odors and are influenced by freshwater rivers and streams
Shinkee soils--lack sulfurous odors and formed in fresh water marshes and river channels of the
San Joaquin -
Sacramento Delta in California.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--Highly decomposed herbaceous and woody organic materials underlain by loamy fluviomarine deposits
Landscape--Coastal plain
Landform--Brackish tidal marshes
Slope--1 percent or less
Elevation--0.6 meters (2 feet) or less
Mean annual precipitation--1,168 to 1,473 millimeters (46 to 58 inches)
Mean annual air temperature--14 to 21 degrees C (57 to 70 degrees F)
Water salinity range--5 to 30 parts per thousand
Frost-free period--360 to 365 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Acredale and
Hydeland soils--often are cultivated for commodity crops and have argillic horizons
Argent soils--have argillic horizons and lack organic soil horizons
Backbay soils--are on similar positions on the landscape but lack organic soil materials over 40 centimeters in thickness
Brookman soils--have argillic horizons, lack thick O horizons, and are not flooded with saltwater
Longshoal soils-are on similar positions on the landscape but have much thick organic soil materials (greater than 130 centimeters)
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--Very poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--High or very high in the organic horizons and moderately high to high in the mineral layers
Soil moisture regime--Peraquic
Soil has brackish water at or near the soil surface throughout the entire year
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses--The soils are primarily utilized wetland wildlife habitat.
Native vegetation--The vegetation is saltwater tolerant herbaceous plants and includes marshhay cordgrass, switchgrass, saltmarsh bulrush, saltmarsh cordgrass, saltmeadow cordgrass, olney bulrush, big cordgrass, and needlegrass rush (black needlerush).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--Coastal tidal marsh areas of North Carolina and possibly South Carolina and Virginia.
Land Resource Region--T - Atlantic and Gulf Coast Lowland Forest and Crop Region
MLRA(s)--153B - Tidewater Area
Extent--Small
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hyde County, North Carolina; 1996.
REMARKS: Delway soils were previously mapped with the Delcomb series (LA). The Delcomb series was reclassified as loamy, mixed, euic, hyperthermic Terric Medisaprists.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include--
Histosols (Terric)--have organic materials that total 40 cm or more between the soil surface and a depth of 50 centimeters and total thickness of organic materials does not exceed 130 centimeters in depth - the zone from a depth of 0 to 62 cm (Oese, Oase1, Oase2).
Hemic soil materials--the zone from the soil surface to 16 centimeters (0 to 6 inches). (Oese horizon)
Sapric soil materials--the zone from 16 to 62 centimeters centimeters (6 to 24 inches). (Oase1 and Oase2 horizons)
Peraquic conditions--continuous endosaturation with very frequent tidal flooding.
Hyposulfidic soil materials--sulfurous odors and incubated pH decrease greater than 1.0 unit and remains above 4.0, the zone from the soil surface to 200 centimeters.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Reference data is available from NC State University, Raleigh, NC for the following pedons:
Additional data from Kellog Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE for the following pedons: S1988NC095001; S1989NC095001; and S1989NC095002
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
NC0294 DELWAY 0- 1 57- 70 215-250 46- 58 0-2
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NC0294 FREQ 0-0.5 APPARENT JAN-DEC 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
NC0294 0-36 MUCK 0- 0 - - 50- 95
NC0294 36-80 L CL SICL 0- 0 95-100 12-35 5- 25
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
NC0294 0-36 3.5- 5.5 30-70 16-30 2.0- 20 LOW
NC0294 36-80 4.5- 7.8 .5-5. 16-30 0.2- 0.6 LOW
________________________________________
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.