LOCATION EGELAND SD+MN NDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Egeland sandy loam - on a northeast-facing convex slope of 3 percent in cultivation. When described, the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 14 inches thick)
Bw1--8 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--13 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; few fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw3--30 to 35 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; soft, very friable; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bw horizons 7 to 35 inches thick)
Bk--35 to 48 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy fine sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable; common fine accumulations of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 32 inches thick)
C--48 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loamy fine sand; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; single grained; soft, very friable; few fine accumulations of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Grant County, South Dakota; about 6 miles east and 1 mile north of Stockholm; 1,140 feet east and 114 feet south of the northwest corner, sec. 14, T. 119 N., R. 49 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to calcium carbonate typically is about 35 inches, but ranges from 14 to 45 inches. Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 8 to 16 inches and extends into the B horizon in most pedons. The solum contains up to 10 percent coarse fragments.
The A horizon has value of 3 or 4 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1.5 or less. It typically is sandy loam or fine sandy loam but is loam in some pedons. It ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and 2 to 5 moist, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is sandy loam or fine sandy loam and typically is loamy sand or loamy fine sand below 30 inches. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline. In some pedons the upper part is loam.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It typically is loamy sand or loamy fine sand, but some pedons are sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loamy very fine sand. It ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline. Some pedons have a BCk horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It typically is loamy sand or loamy fine sand, but some pedons are sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, or fine sandy loam, or are stratified with loamy and sandy layers. It ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline. Loam and clay loam till is between depths of 40 and 60 inches in some pedons. Gravelly loamy sand, gravelly sand or very gravelly sand is below a depth of 35 inches in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Heimdal and Lanona soils. Heimdal and Lanona soils contain less than 70 percent sand at depths of 30 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Egeland soils are on terraces, outwash plains, and uplands. Slope gradients typically are less than 6 percent, but range from 0 to 20 percent. Egeland soils formed in moderately coarse-textured glaciofluvial deposits and sandy materials of fans and beaches of lake plains. Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 36 to 48 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 24 inches. Growing season is 120 to 155 days; average growing season precipitation ranges from 15 to 20 inches; and growing degree days are about 2500 to 3500.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Heimdal soils and the Arvilla, Eckman, Embden, Fordville, Forman, Maddock, Peever, Poinsett, Renshaw and Swenoda soils. The Arvilla, Eckman, Heimdal, and Maddock soils are on similar nearby landscapes. Arvilla soils have sand and gravel below depths of 14 and 25 inches. Eckman soils have a coarse-silty particle size control section. Maddock soils have a sandy particle size control section. Embden and Swenoda soils are on foot slopes below the Egeland soils. They have mollic epipedons more than 16 inches thick. Fordville and Renshaw soils are on nearby terraces and outwash plains. They are fine-loamy over sand and gravel. The Forman, Peever, and Poinsett soils are on nearby glacial till plains. Forman and Peever soils have an argillic horizon. Poinsett soils have a fine-silty series control section.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Surface runoff ranges from negligible to low depending on slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Largely used to grow corn, small grain, and alfalfa. Native vegetation includes little bluestem, big bluestem, prairie sandreed, needlegrass, needleandthread, sideoats grama, blue grama, western wheatgrass, prairie junegrass, porcupinegrass, forbs, and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern South Dakota, eastern North Dakota, and western Minnesota. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Day County, South Dakota, 1952.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 13 inches (Ap and Bw1 horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 13 to 35 inches (Bw2 and Bw3 horizons).