LOCATION EYLAU TX+AR OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Fragiaquic Paleudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Eylau very fine sandy loam, on a 2 percent slope in pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
A2--6 to 12 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) very fine sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
Bt1--12 to 22 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common fine roots; common fine pores; few patchy clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
Bt2--22 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; few fine faint yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; extremely hard, firm; common fine roots; common fine pores; thin continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 23 inches thick)
Bt3--28 to 36 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; many medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron and few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; extremely hard, firm, about 20 percent by volume is brittle mainly in the strong brown portion; few fine roots; common fine pores; continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 18 inches thick)
Btx--36 to 55 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay loam; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and few medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, about 45 percent by volume is brittle mainly in the brownish yellow portion; common medium vesicular pores; continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 28 inches thick)
Bt/E1--55 to 63 inches; mottled strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam (Bt parts); moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; many clay films on faces of peds; vertical intrusions of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sand (E parts) 0.5 to 3 inches wide make up about 15 percent of the horizon; very strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt/E2--63 to 80 inches; variegated red (2.5YR 4/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam (Bt parts); weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, friable; vertical intrusions of light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam (E parts) 1 to 5 inches wide make up about 25 percent of horizon; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Bowie County, Texas; 0.3 mile south of the intersection of Interstate Highway 30 and the Kansas City Southern Railroad in northern Texarkana; 50 feet west of railroad in cut bank.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: More than 80 inches
Clay content in the Control Section:
Redoximorphic features:
Other distinctive soil features:
Concentrated minerals: Base saturation ranges from 12 to 30 percent at 50 inches below the top of the Bt horizon.
A horizon:
Color--Hue of 10YR, values of 4 through 6, and chromas of 2 through 4 in the A1 horizon; and hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, values of 5 or 6, and chromas of 3 through 6 in the A2 horizon.
Redoximorphic features--Light brownish gray or gray iron depletions occur within 30 inches of the surface.
Texture--Very fine sandy loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Other features--None
Reaction--Strongly to slightly acid
Bt horizon:
Color--Hues of 10YR and 7.5YR, values of 5 and 6, and chromas of 6 and 8.
Redoximorphic features--Light brownish gray or gray iron depletions occur within 30 inches of the surface. Yellowish red and red iron concentrations range from none to common.
Texture--Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam
Other features--Up to 30 percent of some or all of these subhorizons are brittle. Brittleness is mainly in the strong brown and brownish yellow colors. Some pedons have up to 20 percent albic intrusions in the upper part of the argillic horizon
Reaction--Very strongly or strongly acid
Btx horizon:
Color--Hues of 10YR and 7.5YR, values of 5 and 6, and chromas of 6 and 8.
Redoximorphic features--Light brownish gray or gray iron depletions and yellowish red and red iron concentrations range from none to common.
Texture--Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam
Other features--40 to 60 percent of some or all of these subhorizons are brittle. Brittleness is mainly in the strong brown and brownish yellow colors. Some pedons have up to 20 percent albic intrusions in the upper part of the argillic horizon
Reaction--Very strongly or strongly acid
Bt/E horizon:
Color--Variegated with shades of red, yellowish red, strong brown, gray, and light browish gray in the Bt parts; and light brownish gray, very pale brown, or light gray in the E parts.
Redoximorphic features--None
Texture--Sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam in the Bt parts, and typically fine sand in the E parts, but ranges to very fine sand, silt, or fine sandy loam.
Other features--Intrusions of albic material make up 5 to 30 percent of the horizon. Depth to the Bt/E horizon ranges from 25 to 55 inches.
Reaction--Very strongly or strongly acid
Bt' horizon: (where present)
Color--Variegated with shades of red, yellowish red, strong brown, gray, and light browish gray.
Redoximorphic features--None
Texture--Sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Other features--None
Reaction--Very strongly or strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ardilla, Atlee, Cedarbluff, and Swafford series in the same family, and the Blevins, Bowie, Cane, Carnegie, Cowarts, Kullit, Ora, Savannah, and Sawyer series in closely related families. Ardilla, Bowie, Carnegie, and Cowarts soils contain more than 5 percent plinthite in the Bt horizon. In addition, Carnegie soils have hues of 5YR or redder in the Bt horizon. Blevins soils do not have fragic properties in the Bt horizon and do not have gray iron depletions within 30 inches of the surface. Atlee and Swafford soils do not have a glossic horizon. Cane, Ora, and Savannah soils have over 60 percent brittle peds in the Bt horizons. In addition, Cane and Ora soils have hues of 5YR or redder in the Bt horizon. Cedarbluff soils have slightly poorer drainage and do not have a glossic horizon. Kullit and Sawyer soils do not have fragic properties in the Bt horizon, and have over 35 percent clay in the lower Bt horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Eylau soils are on broad ridges. They formed in loamy Coastal Plains sediments mostly of Tertiary Age. Slopes are generally 1 to 2 percent but range from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 45 to 55 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 64 degrees to 68 degrees F., and the Thornthwaite annual P-E indices exceed 64 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the closely related Blevins and Sawyer series and the Adaton, Annona, Ruston, Sacul, and Wrightsville series. Annona soils have dark red clayey Bt horizons. Blevins and Ruston soils are in slightly higher better drained postions. Ruston soils are redder throughout. Sawyer soils are lower in the landscape in less well drained positions. Adaton and Wrightsville soils are in nearby flat, poorly drained positions and are dominated by gray colors. Sacul soils occur on short slopes and have a clayey Bt horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Eylau soils are moderately well drained. Runoff is slow and permeability is moderately slow. A wet zone is below a depth of 2 to 3 feet, and above the Btx layer from February through May in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for improved pasture of bermudagrass, bahiagrass, dallisgrass, and pine-oak woodland. A few areas are used for cropland. Native vegetation consisted of loblolly pine, southern red oak, sweetgum, post oak, hickory, beaked panicum, longleaf uniola, and annuals.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwest Texas, Arkansas, and possibly Louisiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bowie County, Texas; 1978.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Bowie or Savannah series. The series was updated in 2004 to allow albic intrusions to also occur in the upper part of the Bt horizon, and to allow a Bt' horizon in the lower part of the solum. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the type location pedon include:
Ochric epipedon.....0 to 12 inches (A1 and A2 horizons).
Glossic horizon....55 to 80 inches (Bt/E horizon).
Argillic horizon...12 to 80 inches (Bt and Bt/E horizons).
Fragic properties..36 to 55 inches (Btx horizon).
Aquic conditions...12 to 22 inches (Bt1 horizon).