LOCATION ELKINSVILLE IN+OH

Established Series
Rev. GRS-BGN
11/2021

ELKINSVILLE SERIES

The Elkinsville series consists of very deep, well drained soils on stream terraces and flood-plain steps. They formed in 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) of loess or silty sediments and the underlying loamy alluvium. Slope ranges from 0 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1016 mm (40 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C (52 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Elkinsville silt loam, on a 3 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 206 meters (675 feet) above MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless stated otherwise.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm (9 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak very fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches) thick]

Bt1--23 to 38 cm (9 to 15 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3) organic coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--38 to 61 cm (l5 to 24 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 36 to 71 cm (14 to 28 inches).]

2Bt3--61 to 97 cm (24 to 38 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent gravel; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2Bt4--97 to 127 cm (38 to 50 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; many distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; 1 percent gravel; gradual smooth boundary.

2Bt5--127 to 147 cm (50 to 58 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; few fine prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay bridging between sand grains; common irregular fine and medium iron masses in the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 56 to 91 cm (22 to 36 inches).]

2CB--147 to 173 cm (58 to 68 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; common fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; massive; friable; common irregular fine and medium iron masses in the matrix; 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) thick]

2C--173 to 203 cm (68 to 80 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; massive; friable; 4 percent gravel; moderately acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Ripley County, Indiana; 1,690 feet south and 1,570 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 3, T. 6 N., R. 12 E.; USGS Cross Plains, Indiana topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 59 minutes 49.209 seconds N. and 085 degrees 10 minutes 48.447 seconds W.; UTM Zone 16, 657599.683 easting and 4318019.816 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 107 to 183 cm (42 to 72 inches)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

A horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

EB or BE horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid, and the upper part ranges to neutral in limed areas

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 32 percent
Sand content: 8 to 20 percent (less than 15 percent fine and coarser sand)
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid, and the upper part ranges to neutral in limed areas

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 30 percent
Sand content: 25 to 55 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

2BC or 2CB horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 16 to 28 percent
Sand content: 35 to 70 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

2C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, and includes thin strata of clay loam and sandy clay loam
Clay content: 14 to 26 percent
Sand content: 35 to 75 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent gravel
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bearthicket, Cidermill, Elk, Olephant, Parke, Pike, Rickert, Tobinsport, Wellrock, and Wellston series. Bearthicket, Elk and Rickert soils have less than 35 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Cidermill soils typically have more than 14 percent gravel in the lower part of the series control section but the range does overlap with Elkinsville series. Olephant, Parke ,and Pike soils are deeper than 183 cm (72 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon. Wellrock soils have a paralithic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Wellston soils have rock fragments of siltstone or sandstone lithology in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Elkinsville soils are on stream terraces or flood-plain steps. Slope ranges from 0 to 40 percent. They formed in 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) of loess or silty sediments and the underlying loamy alluvium. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 1016 to 1168 mm (40 to 46 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C (51 to 57 degrees F). Frost-free period is 150 to 210 days. Elevation is 104 to 244 meters (340 to 800 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are primarily the Bartle, Millstone, Pekin, and Peoga soils on stream terraces and flood-plain steps. They are also associated with the Vincennes and Wheeling soils on stream terraces and flood-plain steps. The somewhat poorly drained Bartle and the poorly drained Peoga soils are on treads. The moderately well drained Pekin and well drained, fine-loamy Millstone soils are on treads and risers. The poorly drained Vincennes soils are on treads and on flood-plain steps. The well drained Wheeling soils are on treads and risers of stream terraces.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface water runoff is negligible to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high. Permeability is moderate. Areas on flood-plain steps are subject to rare to occasional periods of flooding.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are being used to grow corn, soybeans, and small grain, mainly wheat. A few areas are used for hay and pasture, and a few of the more sloping areas are used for forest. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 114A, 114B, 115A, 120B, 120C, 121, 122, and 124 in southern Indiana and Ohio. The type location is in MLRA 114A. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bartholomew County, Indiana, 1936.

REMARKS: This series is being differentiated from the Elk series based on the amount of sand in the lower part of the series control section. Some of the Elkinsville soils previously correlated will likely be re-correlated to the Elk series because the sand content is less than 35 percent in the lower part of the series control section.

Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface of the soil to a depth of 23 cm (9 inches) (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from 23 to 147 cm (9 to 58 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, 2Bt5 horizons).

Representative component and horizon data is in DMU# 120,077.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data: Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University, Station Bulletin No. 323, file no's. JF7916, PK7905, RI8001 (typical pedon); NSSL, Lincoln, NE: S93IN123-15.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.