LOCATION FLOAK UT
Tentative Series
LDS, SAC, SJJ
09/2016
FLOAK SERIES
The Floak series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in slope alluvium over limestone or calcareous sandstone. Depth to hard bedrock is 50 to 100 cm. Floak soils are on mountain slopes and dip slopes. Slopes range from 3 to 80 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 450 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 5.0 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Floak loam, on a north facing mountain slope, 9 percent slope, in Gambel oak and sagebrush rangeland at an elevation of 2,392 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 14 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/2) loam, very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, common fine, medium, and coarse roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores; 5 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 21 cm thick)
Bt--14 to 35 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/3) cobbly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine, common fine and medium tubular pores; few clay films on ped faces and along pores; 7 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 44 cm thick)
Btk--35 to 46 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) cobbly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine, and few fine and medium tubular pores; common clay films on ped faces and along pores; many fine threads of calcium carbonate, and many thin (<1 mm) calcium carbonate coats on the bottom of rock fragments; slightly effervescent (9 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); 15 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 16 cm thick)
Bk--46 to 66 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very stony loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many thin (<1 mm) calcium carbonate coats around rock fragments; violently effervescent (35 percent calcium carbonate equivalent); 7 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, 25 percent stones; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt irregular boundary. (10 to 50 cm thick)
R--66 cm; hard fractured limestone.
TYPE LOCATION: Utah county, Utah; about 3.5 miles SE of Colton, Utah; located about 410 feet N and 30 feet E of the SW corner of sec. 36, T. 11S., R. 8E.; USGS Kyune quad; lat. 39 degrees 48 minutes 54 seconds N., and long. 110 degrees 59 minutes 22 seconds W., NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is Typic Ustic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 5.5 to 7.0 degrees C.
Depth to lithic contact: 50 to 100 cm to limestone.
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 24 cm.
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 20 to 62 cm.
Depth to calcic horizon: 20 to 74 cm.
Thickness of the Mollic epipedon: 18 to 40 cm.
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 22 to 35 percent
Fine sand and coarser sand content: 20 to 50 percent
Rock fragment content: 5 to 34 percent, composed of gravel, channers, cobbles or stones.
A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 to 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, channery loam, fine sandy loam, or very stony fine sandy loam
Clay content: 18 to 26 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 50 percent total; with 0 to 20 percent gravel, 0 to 34 percent channers, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, and 0 to 20 percent stones
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline (pH 6.6 to 7.8)
Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, gravelly loam, cobbly loam, clay loam, gravelly clay loam, or channery sandy clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 34 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent total; with 0 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent channers, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, and 0 to 3 percent stones.
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline (pH 6.6 to 7.8)
Btk horizon: (when present)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: cobbly loam, channery sandy clay loam, channery loam, gravelly loam, or very cobbly clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 34 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 45 percent total; with 0 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 30 percent channers, 0 to 30 percent cobbles, and 0 to 3 percent stones.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 20 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (pH 7.4 to 8.4)
Bk and BCk horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 6 to 8 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: very stony loam, very cobbly loam, very cobbly very fine sandy loam, very channery fine sandy loam, and very channery loam
Clay content: 13 to 25 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent total; with 0 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 50 percent channers, 0 to 35 percent cobbles, and 0 to 5 percent stones.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 8.4)
Some pedons have an eolian influenced surface horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Absarook,
Archmesa,
Beartooth,
Beeno,
Bielenberg,
Bitterroot,
Bookcliff,
Burtoner,
Clancy,
Clasoil,
Dooley,
Doughty,
Empedrado,
Fairfield,
Farnuf,
Farside,
Felor,
Greenway,
Gurney,
Hangdo,
Hoppers,
Hyalite,
Jeffcity,
Kokoruda,
Livona,
Martinsdale,
Maudlin,
Meagher,
Moen,
Moento,
Perrypark,
Pianohill,
Placerton,
Reeder,
Reedwest,
Sipple,
Snakejohn,
Sponseller,
Trag,
Tragmon,
Trazuni, Truhillo,
Ulrant,
Vida,
Watne,
Watrous,
Wemple,
Williams,
Yegen.
Absarook soils have less than 35 percent coarse fragments in the Bk horizons.
Archmesa,
Burtoner,
Clasoil,
Gurney,
Empedrado,
Farnuf,
Farside,
Hangdo, Hoopers,
Jeffcity,
Kokoruda,
Livona,
Maudlin,
Moen,
Moento,
Pianohill,
Placerton,
Sponseller,
Trag,
Tragmon,
Trazuni, Truhillo,
Vida,
Watrous,
Williams and
Yegen soils do not have calcic horizons.
Bielenberg,
Bookcliff,
Snakejohn,
Ulrant, and
Wemple soils have bedrock between 100 and 150 cm.
Beeno,
Bitterroot,
Clancy,
Reeder, and
Reedwest soils have paralithic contacts.
Beartooth,
Dooley,
Doughty,
Fairfield,
Felor,
Howbert,
Hyalite,
Greenway,
Martinsdale,
Meagher,
Perrypark,
Sipple, Tycreek (T), and
Watne soils have bedrock deeper than 150 cm.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: slope alluvium over limestone or calcareous sandstone.
Landform: mountain slopes and dip slopes.
Slopes: 3 to 80 percent.
Elevation: 2,150 to 2,800 meters
Mean annual temperature: 4.5 to 6.0 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation: 400 to 530 mm.
Precipitation pattern: Wettest months are October to May and driest months are June to September. Soil moisture regime is Typic Ustic.
Frost-free Period: 70 to 90 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aagard,
Avintaquin,
Osote, and
Paunsaugunt series. The Avintaquin and Paunsaugunt soils are on convex positions and do not have argillic horizons. Aagard soils are very deep and are in concave drainageways. Osote soils are very deep, do not have argillic horizons, and are on mountain bases.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium to high runoff, moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Floak soils are primarily used for grazing as native rangeland. Native vegetation consists of Gambel oak, Rocky mountain juniper, Mountain big sagebrush, Utah serviceberry, Snowberry, Bitterbrush, Salina wildrye, Wheat grass, Blue grass, Needle grass and Oregon grape. Utah correlates this soil to Mountain Loam (Oak) 048AY415UT range site.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Utah mountains; LRR E, MLRA 48A; The Series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES PROPOSED: Utah County, Utah, 2015. Duchesne County Area Soil Survey. The name Floak is coined.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
The surface is covered by 13 percent gravel and 3 percent cobbles.
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 66 cm.
Particle-size control section: The zone from 14 to 46 cm. (Bt and Btk horizons)
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 35 cm. (A and Bt horizons)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 14 to 46 cm. (Bt and Btk horizons)
Secondary carbonate accumulation: The zone from 35 to 66 cm. (Btk and Bk horizons)
Calcic horizon: The zone from 46 to 66 cm. (Bk horizon)
Lithic contact: The contact with limestone at 66 cm. (R horizon)
Remarks:
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomic Version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.