LOCATION MINERAL                 WA

Established Series
TAF-BDG-EMM
08/2014

MINERAL SERIES

The Mineral series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in residuum, colluvium, and glacial till from granitic rocks with a component of loess and volcanic ash in the upper part. Mineral soils are on mountainsides and ridges and have slopes of 5 to 65 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 535 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Vitrandic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Mineral gravelly ashy loam - woodland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted)

Oi--0 to 3 cm; needles, twigs, bark, leaves, and highly decomposed organic matter; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 5 cm thick)

A--3 to 18 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and few medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel and 2 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary;. (15 to 30 cm thick)

Bw--18 to 33 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly ashy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 50 cm thick)

C--33 to 61 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very stony sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, and few medium roots; common very fine irregular pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 6.7); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 28 cm thick)

R--61 cm; quartz monzonite.

TYPE LOCATION: Colville Indian Reservation, Okanogan County, Washington, about 5 miles northeast of the town of Disautel; 550 feet north, 100 feet west of southeast corner of sec. 34, T. 34 N., R. 29 E., W.M.; Latitude - 48 degrees, 23 minutes, 51.94 seconds North, Longitude - 119 degrees, 8 minutes, 56.68 seconds West, WGS84; Crawfish Lake, WA Quadrangle.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - 5 to 8 degrees C.
Moisture control section - usually moist but are dry in all parts between depths of 20 to 60 cm or a lithic contact for 60 to 75 consecutive days following the summer solstice. (Xeric moisture regime)
Depth to a lithic contact - 50 to 100 cm from the mineral soil surface.
Clay content in particle-size control section - 7 to 12 percent clay by weight
Rock fragments in particle-size control section - 40 to 65 percent rock fragments by volume
Surface phase - none to stony
Soil reaction is moderately acid to neutral in the solum and slightly acid or neutral in the substratum.
Estimated properties of the ash influenced layer (upper 15 to 35cm):
Moist bulk density - 1.00 to 1.20 g/cc
Volcanic glass content - 5 to 20 percent
Acid-oxalate extractable Al+Fe - 0.4 to 1.0 percent
15-bar water retention - 5 to 12 percent for air dried samples

A horizon:
Value - 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma - 2 or 3, dry or moist
Texture - ashy loam, ashy sandy loam
Rock fragments - 10 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones

AB horizon (present in some pedons):
Texture - ashy loam or ashy coarse sandy loam
Rock fragments - 20 to 40 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones

Bw horizons:
Value - 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma - 3 or 4, dry or moist
Texture - ashy loam, ashy sandy loam, or ashy coarse sandy loam
Rock fragments - 20 to 45 percent gravel, 0 to 25 percent cobbles, and 0 to 20 percent stones

C horizon (when present)
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture - sandy loam
Rock fragments - 5 to 35 percent gravel, 10 to 25 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent stones

COMPETING SERIES:
Bearspring - are very deep
Bigelk - are very deep
Cassal - are 75 to 113 cm to redoxomorphic features and are deep to a densic contact
Cherrycreek - are deep to a lithic contact
Deck - averages 20 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Eastpine - have a particle-size control section dominated by meta-sedimentary rocks and are dry for 40 to 65 days following the summer solstice
Egyptcreek - averages 20 to 27 percent clay in the particle-size control secion
Fredonyer - averages 18 to 25 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Golfer - are moderately deep to a paralithic contact
Grubcreek - averages 18 to 33 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Kettlecreek - are deep to a lithic contact
Longs - are deep to a lithic contact
Mccrosket - are deep to a paralithic contact
Midpeak - have a particle-size control section dominated by volcanic and sedimentary rock
Peahke - averages 18 to 30 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Piersonte - are very deep
Porch series - have a particle-size control section dominated by meta-sedimentary rocks
Scoap - and are very deep
Shalrock - have more than 50 percent medium and coarser sand in the particle-size control section
Schilling - are very deep
Umatilla - are very deep
Webbgulch - have a particle-size control section dominated by andesitic basalt or basalt fragments
Yellcreek - are very deep

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - mountainsides and ridges
Elevation - 610 to 1,800 meters; commonly on south exposures but on north exposures at the lower elevations
Slopes - 5 to 65 percent
Parent material - colluvium and glacial till from granitic rocks with a component of loess and volcanic ash in the upper part
Average annual precipitation - 430 to 635 mm
Climate - characterized by warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters
Mean January temperature - minus 5 degrees C.
Mean July temperature - 18 degrees C.
Mean annual temperature - 5 to 8 degrees C.
Frost-free period - 90 to 130 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Buhrig, Canteen, Capoose, Centralpeak, Manley, Merkel, Nevine, Skanid, Stepstone, Vanbrunt, and competing Bearspring soils. Canteen, Manley, Merkel, Nevine, and Stepstone soils are deeper than 100 cm to bedrock. Also, the upper sola of these soils are dominated by volcanic ash. Buhrig and Manley soils are cryic. Buhrig soils are on mountain slopes and knobs. Canteen soils are on footslopes and backslopes of mountains. Manley soils are on upper slopes of foothills and mountains. Nevine and Stepstone soils are on moraines, foothills and mountains. Capoose soils have a volcanic ash mantle greater than 36 cm thick. Centralpeak soils are coarse-loamy and have a volcanic ash mantle 18 to 36 cm thick. Skanid and Vanbrunt soils have a mesic soil temperature regime. Merkel and Skanid soils are on mountains. Capoose, Centralpeak, and Vanbrunt soils are on shoulders and backslopes of mountains.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; slow to very rapid runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used primarily for timber production, grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation includes Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and scattered western larch at higher elevations, and an understory of pinegrass, kinnikinnick, common snowberry, rose, pachystima, Oregon-grape, creambush oceanspray, and white spirea.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Washington; MLRA 43A and 6. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Colville Indian Reservation, Okanogan County, Washington, 1987.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - from the mineral surface to 21 cm when mixed (A and part of the Bw horizons)
Cambic horizon - from 18 to 33 cm (Bw horizon)
Lithic contact - starting at 61 cm (R horizon)
The particle-size control section - the zone from 28 to 61 cm and averages 48 percent rock fragments by volume
Vitrandic feature - from 3 to 33 cm (A and Bw horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data is available for this soil (S83WA-047-009).

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.