LOCATION GROVER                  NC+AL GA SC VA

Established Series
Rev. RHB
10/2021

GROVER SERIES

The Grover series consists of very deep, well drained soils on ridges and side slopes on piedmont uplands. They formed in residuum that is affected by soil creep in
the upper part on steep slopes, and is weathered from high-grade metamorphic rocks high in mica such as biotite gneiss and schist. Mean annual temperature is 59
degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is 64 inches near the type location. Slope ranges from 2 to 45 percent.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, micaceous, thermic Typic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Grover loam--forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oe--0 to 1 inch; brown (10YR 4/3) partially decomposed deciduous organic material.

A--1 to 7 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine and medium flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 6 inches thick)

Bt--7 to 21 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium, and few coarse roots; many fine and medium flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 26 inches thick)

BC--21 to 26 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium, and few coarse roots; many fine and medium flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)

C1--26 to 36 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) biotite gneiss saprolite that has texture of sandy loam; common very dark brown (10YR 2/2) streaks; massive; very friable; few fine and medium roots; many fine and medium flakes of mica; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

C2--36 to 66 inches; multicolored biotite gneiss saprolite that has texture of sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine and medium roots; many fine and medium flakes of mica; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Polk County, North Carolina; 0.5 mile northwest of Pea Ridge on NC Highway 108; 0.5 mile north on Secondary Road 1311; 0.3 mile northeast on logging road; 100 feet southeast of road in woods.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Depth to bedrock is greater than 5 feet. Content of rock fragments ranges from 0 to 10 percent by volume in the A and B horizons, and from 0 to 15 percent in the C horizon. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the A, Ap, and E horizons, and from very strongly acid to moderately acid in the Bt, BC, and C horizons. Content of mica flakes ranges from common to many in the A horizon and is many in the Bt, BC, and C horizons. Mica content increases with depth.

The A or Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 6. Where the value is 3 or less, it is less than 6 inches thick. The A or Ap horizon commonly is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or coarse sandy loam. In eroded pedons, it is sandy clay loam.

The E horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. It is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or coarse sandy loam.

The BE or BA horizon, where present, has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. It is loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam.

The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. It is sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam.

The BC horizon is similar in color to the Bt horizon, or in some pedons it may be mottled. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam.

The C horizon is similar in color to the BC horizon or is multicolored. It is saprolite weathered from high-grade metamorphic rocks high in mica such as mica gneiss and schist. Texture is typically loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam, but may include loamy sand.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Grover soils are on gently sloping to steep ridges and side slopes on piedmont uplands. They formed in residuum that is affected in the upper part by soil creep on steep slopes, and is weathered from high-grade metamorphic rock high in mica such as biotite gneiss and schist. Slopes range from 2 to 45 percent. Elevation ranges from about 700 to 1200 feet. Near the type location, mean annual temperature is about 59 degrees F., and mean annual rainfall is about 64 inches.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Appling, Bethlehem, Cecil, Lloyd, Madison, Pacolet, Rion, Tallapoosa, and Wedowee series. All of these except Rion and Wedowee soils are in a clayey family. Only Madison and Tallapoosa soils are high in mica content. Rion soils are in a fine-loamy family, Tallapoosa soils are in a loamy, shallow family. Appling, Cecil, and Lloyd soils are on less dissected piedmont uplands. The other soils are on the same landscape
positions as Grover soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Much of the acreage of this soil is in forest. Common tress are white oak, yellow-poplar, southern red oak, chestnut oak, sweetgum, scarlet oak, loblolly pine, black oak, hickory, shortleaf pine, and Virginia pine. The dominant understory plants include flowering dogwood, mountain laurel, American holly, sourwood, blackgum, red maple, green brier, common persimmon, eastern redbud, and sassafras. Cleared areas are principally used for growing corn, cotton, oats, grain sorghum, tobacco, pasture and hay.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Piedmont areas of North Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina, and Virginia. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fulton County, Georgia; 1951.

REMARKS: These soils feel as if they are higher in silt content than mechanical analysis shows them to be. They have a greasy feel caused by the high mica content. The mica is dominantly soft and mineral structure is destroyed by prolonged rubbing. *Added loamy sand texture. 05/07 RHB. Horizon depths in the description were modified 10/2021 to ensure soil began at soil surface.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 7 inches (A horizon)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 7 to 21 inches (Bt horizon)

MLRA = 136 Rev - RLV 3/19/97

ADDITIONAL DATA:

SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
NC0080 GROVER 2- 45 58- 62 190-210 46- 65 700-1200
NC0230 GROVER 2- 45 58- 62 190-210 46- 65 700-1200

SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NC0080 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60
NC0230 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60

SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
NC0080 0- 7 SL FSL COSL 0- 5 90-100 4-18 1- 4
NC0080 0- 7 SCL 0- 5 90-100 20-35 2- 5
NC0080 0- 7 L 0- 5 90-100 7-20 1- 4
NC0080 7-26 SCL CL L 0- 5 90-100 18-35 2- 4
NC0080 26-66 SL L SCL 0- 5 85-100 4-25 1- 3
NC0230 0- 7 GR-LS 2- 10 55- 75 2-15 1- 5
NC0230 0- 7 GR-SL GR-FSL GR-L 2- 10 55- 75 7-20 2- 8
NC0230 7-26 SCL CL L 0- 5 90-100 18-35 3- 8
NC0230 26-66 SL L SCL 0- 5 85-100 10-30 1- 6

SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
NC0080 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW
NC0080 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-1. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
NC0080 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW
NC0080 7-26 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
NC0080 26-66 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
NC0230 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW
NC0230 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW
NC0230 7-26 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW
NC0230 26-66 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.