LOCATION LLOYD GA+AL NC SCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Kanhapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Lloyd loam -- on a 3 percent slope in a pecan grove. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3) loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; few fine flakes of mica: moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt1--9 to 17 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few distinct clay films on face of peds; few fine soft black concretions; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--17 to 33 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few medium roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine soft black concretions; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt3--33 to 46 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
BC--46 to 56 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
C--56 to 72 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) saprolite that crushes to loam; massive; friable; many fine flakes of mica; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jasper County, Georgia; 1.7 miles south of Monticello on Georgia Highway 11; 4.6 miles south on county road; 100 feet northeast of road. (USGS Quadrangle, Stanfordville, GA (1977), Latitude 33 degrees 13 minutes 52 seconds N., Longitude 83 degrees 36 minutes 54 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches. Rock fragments of gravel and cobbles of quartz and crystalline rock range from 0 to 15 percent in the solum and from 0 to 35 percent in the substratum. Dark concretions of iron and manganese range from none to common. Flakes of mica are few to common in most pedons, but range to many in the C horizon of some pedons. Few to common amounts of yellow kaolinitic flakes are in the lower part of the B horizon and in the C horizon of many pedons, and range to many in the C horizon of some pedons. The soil is slightly acid through very strongly acid except where the surface has been limed.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam in the fine earth fraction.
The upper part of the Bt horizon has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 4 to 8. The lower part of the
Bt horizon has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 to 8. The Bt horizon in each pedon must have at least one subhorizon with moist value of 3 or less and at least one subhorizon with moist value of 4. Typically, the upper Bt horizon is moist value 3, the middle part is moist value 3 or 4, and the lower part is moist value 4. Few to common mottles in shades of red, yellow, or brown may occur in the lower Bt horizon. Texture is clay, sandy clay, clay loam, or silty clay in the fine earth fraction.
The BC horizon, where present, has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, or sandy clay loam in the fine earth fraction.
The C horizon has hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 8 or is mottled or streaked with these colors. It is saprolite that is clay loam, loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam, or sandy loam in the fine earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Agricola and Gwinnett series. Gwinnett soils have weathered bedrock at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Agricola soils have weathered bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lloyd soils are gently sloping to steep and are on uplands in the Southern Piedmont. Slopes range between 2 and 50 percent and are generally between 2 and 10 percent. The soil formed in residuum derived from intermediate and mafic, igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks. Near the type location, mean annual temperature is about 61 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is approximately 45 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: In addition to the competing Gwinnett, these include the Cecil, Davidson, Enon, Madison, Mecklenburg, Musella and Pacolet series. Cecil and Pacolet soils are on nearby uplands, and the soils formed in residuum from the underlying felsic igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock. Madison soils are on nearby uplands, and the soils formed in the underlying felsic high-grade metamorphic residuum that is high in mica content. The other associated soils formed in residuum of similar kind to which Lloyd soils formed. These soils also occur in the same kind of upland landscape positions as Lloyd. None of the associated soils except for Cecil, Davidson, Gwinnett, Madison and Pacolet have a kandic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium to rapid surface runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cleared and used for cultivated crops or pasture. Principal crops are corn, small grain, hay and pasture grasses. Common trees in forested areas are loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, Virginia pine, northern red oak, southern red oak, white oak, post oak, hickory, and red maple. Understory plants include dogwood, winged elm, eastern hophornbeam, eastern redbud, eastern red cedar, and sassafras.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Piedmont MLRA 136 in North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, and possibly Alabama, and Virginia. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newton County, Georgia; 1938.
REMARKS: These soils were combined with Hiwassee in 1969. Hiwassee series was originally established on high stream terraces. This revision separates the soils formed in residuum as Lloyd on the basis of parent material and depth of Rhodic colors. Terrace Hiwassee soils are dominantly value 3 or less throughout. A proposal to amend the 1996 Keys to Soil Taxonomy involves changing the thickness of the part of the kandic horizon with value of 3 or less to include more soils in the Rhodic subgroup. 2006 revision was made to add Agricola as a competing series.
ADDITIONAL DATA: S97GA-159-001 NSSL
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Argillic and kandic horizon - the zone from 7 to 61 inches. It meets the low activity clay requirements for kandic in more than 50 percent of the upper 40 inches of the horizon.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
MLRA: 136SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NC0057 Lloyd 2- 50 58- 65 190-230 43- 55 400-1200 NC0185 Lloyd 2- 50 58- 65 190-230 43- 55 400-1200 NC0213 Lloyd 2- 50 58- 65 190-230 43- 55 400-1200
SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NC0057 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 NC0185 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 NC0213 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0057 0- 7 SL FSL 0- 2 90-100 7-20 2- 10 NC0057 0- 7 SIL 0- 2 90-100 10-25 2- 10 NC0057 0- 7 CL SCL L 0- 2 95-100 10-35 3- 10 NC0057 7-61 C SIC CL 0- 2 95-100 35-60 4- 15 NC0057 61-70 SL L SCL 0- 5 85- 99 7-35 2- 10 NC0185 0- 7 GR-CL GR-L GR-SCL 2- 10 65- 90 10-30 3- 10 NC0185 7-61 C SIC CL 0- 2 90-100 35-60 4- 15 NC0185 61-70 SL L SCL 0- 5 85- 99 7-35 2- 10 NC0213 0- 7 CB-SL CB-FSL 15- 30 75- 90 8-18 2- 10 NC0213 7-61 C SIC CL 0- 5 90-100 35-60 4- 15 NC0213 61-70 SL L SCL 0- 5 90-100 7-35 2- 10
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0057 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0057 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0057 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0057 7-61 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0057 61-70 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0185 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0185 7-61 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0185 61-70 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0213 0- 7 4.5- 6.5 .5-2. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW NC0213 7-61 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW NC0213 61-70 4.5- 6.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW