LOCATION GUDGEL INEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Fragiudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Gudgel silt loam - on a 15 percent slope in an idle field. (Colors are for moist conditions unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bt--6 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; thin discontinuous yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Btx--12 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) mottles; weak coarse and very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular and subangular blocky; very firm; thin discontinuous strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds; many black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese oxide stains; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt1--29 to 43 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam, many fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; thin continuous dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; many black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese oxide stains; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
2Bt2--43 to 51 inches, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; many fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; thin continuous dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; many black (10YR 2/1) iron and manganese oxide stains; 10 percent shale fragments; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt is 20 to 30 inches.)
2Cr--51 to 60 inches; soft neutral interbedded shale and sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Gibson County, Indiana; approximately 1 mile north and 2 miles east of Francisco, Indiana; 160 feet east and 300 feet south of the center of sec. 16, T. 2 S., R. 9 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 40 to 60 inches thick and corresponds to the depth to bedrock. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 10 to 14 inches.
The Ap has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It ranges from medium acid to neutral depending on liming history.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid.
The Btx has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 or 6. It ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. It is neutral or slightly acid. Coarse fragment content ranges from 0 to 10 percent.
The 2Cr horizon is interbedded soft shale and sandstone with shale being the dominant component. It is neutral or mildly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chalfont, Haubstadt, Lawrence, Pekin, Penlaw, Robbs, Rohrersville, Rossmoyne, Sciotoville, and Shakamak series in the same family and the Zanesville series. The Chalfont soils contains more coarse fragments in the lower part of the solum. The Haubstadt series formed in loess over alluvium and colluvium and do not have bedrock above a depth of 72 inches. Lawrence soils formed in alluvium or colluvium from limestone, shales, siltstones and sandstone and typically have redder hue in the lower part of the solum. Pekin soils formed in alluvium, do not have bedrock above a depth of 72 inches and are greater than 24 inches to the fragipan. Penlaw soils formed in colluvium mainly from limestone and do not have a lithologic discontinuity. Robbs soils formed in 4 or more feet of loess and are more acid in the lower part of the solum. Rohrersville soils formed in residuum from metabasalt and metaandesite, typically have more olive hues in the solum and are more acid in the lower part of the solum. Rossmoyne soils formed in loess and glacial till and contain glacial pebbles in the lower part of the solum. Sciotoville soils lack a lithologic discontinuity and are more acid in the lower part of the solum. Shakamak soils have a thicker solum and are more acid in the lower part of the solum. Zanesville soils do not have gray mottles in the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon and are more acid in the lower part of the solum.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Gudgel soils are on upland side slopes. Slopes range from 6 to 18 percent. These soils developed in 24 to 40 inches of loess and the underlying residuum from shale and sandstone. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 53 to 57 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 44 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Taftown and the Hosmer soils. Taftown soils do not have fragipans and are downslope on steeper slopes. Hosmer soils formed in more than 48 inches of loess and are on similar landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained, surface runoff is medium or rapid. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and slow in the fragipan.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are mostly cropped to corn and soybeans. Winter wheat is the principal small grain. Native vegetation was hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Indiana. The soils of this series are not extensive; their total extent is about 4400 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Gibson County, Indiana, 1986.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 6 inches (Ap horizon); argillic horizon - 6 to 51 inches (Bt, Btx, 2Bt1, 2Bt2 horizons); fragipan - 12 to 29 inches (Btx horizon).