LOCATION ZANESVILLE              KY+IL IN OH

Established Series
Rev. CWH, WMM/Rev. MDJ
09/2014

ZANESVILLE SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Zanesville silt loam--on a smooth convex ridgetop slope in cultivation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid, pH 5.8; abrupt smooth boundary. [7 to 28 centimeters (3 to 11 inches) thick]

Bt--18 to 71 centimeters (7 to 28 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; 35 percent brown (7.5YR 5/4), and reddish brown (5YR 5/4), clay films; 1 percent fine prominent spherical strongly cemented black (10YR 2/1), iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout; very strongly acid, pH 4.7; clear wavy boundary. [40 to 70 centimeters (16 to 28 inches) thick]

Btx--71 to 99 centimeters (28 to 39 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; brittle; few fine roots between peds; 21 percent distinct gray (10YR 6/1), silt coats on faces of peds and 35 percent continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent fine prominent spherical strongly cemented black (10YR 2/1), iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout, 22 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), masses of oxidized iron and 22 percent medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1), iron depletions; very strongly acid, pH 4.7; gradual wavy boundary. [15 to 60 centimeters (6 to 24 inches) thick]

2BC--99 to 152 centimeters (39 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; weak platy structure; firm; 1 percent fine prominent spherical strongly cemented black (10YR 2/1), iron-manganese concretions with sharp boundaries throughout, dark concretions and 8 percent medium prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), iron depletions and 8 percent medium faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4), masses of oxidized iron; 5 percent sandstone fragments and 5 percent siltstone fragments; very strongly acid, pH 4.7. [22 to 75 centimeters (9 to 30 inches) thick]

R--152 to 177 centimeters (60 to 70 inches); indurated sandstone and siltstone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION:
County: Caldwell
State: Kentucky
USGS Quadrangle: Olney
Latitude: 37.2261167 degrees N (WGS84)
Longitude: 87.8449306 degrees W (WGS84)
UTM Zone: 16 425044 easting and 4120291 northing, WGS84
Directions to the pedon: 1/4 mile north of Needmore, along west side of Kentucky Highway 293, about 300 feet south of Liberty Church.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: ranges from 7 to 28 centimeters (3 to 11 inches)
Depth to the top of the Fragipan: ranges from 60 to 99 centimeters (24 to 39 inches) except where eroded
Solum Thickness: ranges from 50 to 177 centimeters (20 to 70 inches).
Depth to bedrock: ranges from 100 to 203 centimeters (40 to 80 inches).
Depth Class: Deep and Very Deep
Reaction Class: moderately to very strongly acid, except where limed.

Range in Individual Horizons:
A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma of 2 to 4
Some pedons in wooded areas have a thin A horizon with a value of 3, and a chroma of 2 or 3.
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: Strongly acid to neutral

Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons have a brown or strong brown silt loam E horizon up to 6 inches thick.
Reaction: very strongly acid to medium acid
Some pedons may have a thin Bt/E horizon.

Btx horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Redoximorphic features: few to many masses of depleted or oxidized iron or both
Texture: silty clay loam, silt loam, loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, or fine sandy loam
Fragments: 0 to 15 percent coarse fragments.
Reaction: extremely acid to strongly acid

2BC or 2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Redoximorphic features: few to many masses of depleted or oxidized iron or both
Mottles: few to many gray to brown mottles in some C horizons
Texture: silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay
Fragments: 5 to 50 percent coarse fragments.
Some pedons have thin 2Cr horizons of interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale above an R.
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

COMPETING SERIES:
Apalona soils have a thicker paralithic contact formed in shale which is typically clayey.
Ava soils have strongly developed paleosols of glacial origin at depths less than 140 centimeters (55 inches) and are deeper to bedrock.
Bedford soils have residuum from limestone at depths less than 122 centimeters (48 inches).
Cincinnati soils have contrasting materials of glacial origin at depths less than 1 meter.
Fountainville soils are underlain by metamorphic red shales on the piedmont.
Grantsburg soils have fragipans that are more than 60 centimeters (24 inches) thick and loess thickness more than 122 centimeters (48 inches).
Heildebrecht soils have thicker sola and contain more coarse fragments in the Bx horizon.
Hosmer soils have fragipans that are more than 60 centimeters (24 inches) thick and loess thickness more than 122 centimeters (48 inches).
Lawrenceville soils are formed in silty transported material over a wide range of consolidated or unconsolidated deposits.
Nicholson soils have residuum from limestone at depths less than 122 centimeters (48 inches).
Omulga soils are on valley fill terraces that are underlain by lacustrine sediments.
Otwell soils are on stream and lacustrine terraces and have stratified B3 and C horizons.
Otwood soils are on stream terraces and have stratified B3 and C horizons.
Solsberry soils have contrasting materials of glacial origin at depths less than 1 meter (40 inches).
Weisburg soils have clayey Bt horizons in lower sola.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: upland
Landform: hillslope, interfluve, ridge and saddle
MLRA(s): 113, 114A, 115A, 120A, 120B, 120C, 124, and 126
Geomorphic component: hills
Hillslope Profile Position: summit, shoulders and backslopes
Parent Material: loess over residuum derived from sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Slope: 0 to 30 percent
Elevation: 110 to 415 meters (360 to 1360 feet)
Frost-free period: 147 to 214 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 11.5 to 14.9 degrees C. (52.7 to 58.9 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 98.4 to 136.1 centimeters (38.7 to 53.6 inches)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Apalona soils have a thicker paralithic contact formed in shale which is typically clayey.
Johnsburg soils have redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less throughout the B horizon above the fragipan.
Sadler soils have E horizons above the fragipan.
Wellston soils lack fragipans.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): moderately well
Internal Free Water Occurrence: 60 to 100 centimeters (24 to 39 inches)
Index Surface Runoff: very high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: very slow
Permeability Class (obsolete): slow
Shrink-swell Potential: low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: none
Ponding Frequency and Duration: none

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: row crop, pasture and woodland
Dominant Vegetation:
Where cultivated-- Corn, soybeans, wheat, tobacco.
Where wooded-- white oak, black oak, post oak, shagbark hickory, sugar maple, tulip poplar, dogwood, and sassafras.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio
Extent: Extent is large.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Muskingum County, Ohio; 1925.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 18 centimeters (7 inches) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 18 to 99 centimeters (7 to 39 inches) (Bt horizons)
Fragipan: the zone from 71 to 99 centimeters (28 to 39 inches)
Oxyaquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within the upper 100 cm (39 inches) of the soil surface, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year
Lithic contact: 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Other soil features identified with this pedon:
Lithologic discontinuity-99 centimeters (39 inches)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 150 centimeters (0 to 60 inches)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data is available from the NSSL for the following pedons: 70KY-047-057, 82KY055002, 86KY-139-010, 1974-IN173-002, 1981-IN101-004

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.