LOCATION HOMEWOOD OH

Established Series
Rev. CER-DRM-LER
11/2021

HOMEWOOD SERIES

The Homewood series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that are moderately deep or shallow to a fragipan. These soils formed in a thin mantle of loess as much as 56 cm (22 inches) thick and in the underlying weathered Illinoian till. Some pedons extend into residual parent materials. They are on till plains. Slope ranges from 2 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 965 mm (38 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Homewood silt loam, on a southwest-facing, convex, 3 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 334 meters (1095 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches) thick]

BE--25 to 33 cm (10 to 13 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt coatings on faces of peds; 3 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

Bt1--33 to 58 cm (13 to 23 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few dark iron and manganese concretions; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2--58 to 74 cm (23 to 29 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very firm; common distinct and few prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) iron depletions; common fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; many coarse dark iron and manganese concretions; 5 percent rock fragments; brittle in some parts; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 15 to 46 cm (6 to 18 inches).]

Btx1--74 to 102 cm (29 to 40 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate thick platy; very firm; common faint and few distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of plates; many distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions on faces of prisms with distinct zones of gray (10YR 5/1) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2); common fine and medium prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common coarse dark iron and manganese concretions concentrated on horizontal faces of plates; 10 percent rock fragments; brittle; very strongly acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

Btx2--102 to 170 cm (40 to 67 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate thick platy; very firm; many distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds and common faint clay films on horizontal faces; many distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions on faces of prisms with zones of brown (10YR 5/3); common coarse distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; many fine and medium dark iron and manganese concretions; few yellowish red (5YR 5/8) iron stains concentrated on horizontal faces of plates; 5 percent rock fragments; brittle; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Btx horizon is 41 to 147 cm (16 to 58 inches).]

C--170 to 203 cm (67 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; firm; common fine dark iron and manganese concretions; 5 percent rock fragments, mainly sandstone and shale with some crystalline rocks; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Knox County, Ohio; about 3.5 miles north of Martinsburg, in Harrison Township; about 1,520 feet north and 1,180 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 25, T. 6 N., R. 11 W.; USGS Martinsburg, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 19 minutes 5 seconds N. and long. 82 degrees 21 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 152 to 229 cm (60 to 90 inches)
Depth to carbonates: more than 152 cm (60 inches)
Depth to the fragipan: 41 to 58 cm (16 to 33 inches)
Thickness of the loess: 0 to 56 cm (22 inches)
Rock fragments: mostly gravel-sized, subrounded fragments of sandstone and shale with minor amounts of limestone and crystalline rocks with thin flat fragments of sandstone in the lower part of many pedons
Rock fragment content: 35 to 70 percent in the residuum, where present

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 (6 or 7 dry)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

A horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

E horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, or clay loam with subhorizons of silty clay loam
Clay content: 24 to 32 percent
Redox features: depletions of low chroma are only in the lower part
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

Some pedons have a 2Bt horizon.

Btx horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: commonly loam, silt loam, or clay loam, or less commonly the gravelly analogs of these textures in the lower part
Primary structure: moderate or strong very coarse prismatic
Rock fragment content: 5 to 34 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: commonly loam, silt loam, or clay loam, or less commonly the gravelly analogs of these textures in the lower part
Rock fragment content: 5 to 34 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silt loam, or clay loam, or the gravelly analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 5 to 34 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Clarksburg series. Clarksburg soils formed in colluvium, till, or residuum from limestone, shale, and sandstone with rock fragments dominantly of sandstone, chert, and limestone lithology.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Homewood soils are on till plains and till-covered sandstone hills. Slope ranges from 2 to 40 percent. The soils formed in Illinoian age till and in a thin mantle of loess in some areas. Some pedons extend into residual parent materials. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 889 to 1016 mm (35 to 40 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 9 to 11 degrees C (49 to 52 degrees F). Elevation is 320 to 351 meters (1050 to 1150 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brownsville, Chili, Conotton, Dekalb, Gresham, Loudonville, Mechanicsburg, Negley, Parke, Titusville and Westmoreland soils. Chili, Conotton, Negley, and Parke soils are on nearby terraces. Brownsville and Dekalb soils are on siltstone and sandstone hills that do not have a mantle of till. Loudonville and Mechanicsburg soils are on till covered sandstone hills where bedrock is at depths of less than 102 cm (40 inches), or more than 102 cm (40 inches), respectively. The somewhat poorly drained Gresham soils and moderately well drained Titusville soils are in a toposequence with Homewood soils. They are on the lower parts of some slopes or in concave landscape positions. Westmoreland soils are in similar landscape positions but are formed in residuum.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. In undisturbed areas, the depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 46 to 91 cm (1.5 to 3.0 feet) between November and May in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is medium or high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high above the fragipan and moderately low in the fragipan. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and slow in the fragipan.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland and pasture. Principal crops are corn, hay and small grain. Steeper slopes are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed oak or beech and maple deciduous hardwoods.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and northeastern Ohio; MLRAs 114A and 139. The type location is in MLRA 114A. The series is of moderate extent, about 66,000 acres.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Knox County, Ohio, 1983.

REMARKS: Homewood soils were formerly included with Hanover soils.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 33 cm (Ap, BE horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 33 to 170 cm (Bt, Btx horizons).
Fragipan: from a depth of 74 to 170 cm (Btx1, Btx2 horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less within the fragipan.

Acreage based on 2004 data.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to pedon KX-28 for characterization data of the typical pedon, sample numbers 23948-23957, from Knox County, Ohio; samples analyzed by The Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory, Columbus, Ohio.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.