LOCATION JENEVA OH

Established Series
Rev. JRS-RJG-SJH
11/2021

JENEVA SERIES

The Jeneva series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in loess, a thin layer of pedisediment, and a paleosol formed in till. They are on till plains. Slope ranges from 2 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 914 mm (36 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C (51 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Jeneva silt loam, on a convex, 3 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 296 meters (970 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak coarse granular structure; friable; common medium and many fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [13 to 25 cm (5 to 10 inches) thick]

Bt1--20 to 41 cm (8 to 16 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; many brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) worm casts; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2--41 to 58 cm (16 to 23 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and fine roots; many brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3--58 to 74 cm (23 to 29 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) and brown (10YR 5/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common medium prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt4--74 to 91 cm (29 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions on faces of peds; few medium prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese accumulation; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt5--91 to 137 cm (36 to 54 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions on faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; l percent pebbles; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 63 to 127 cm (25 to 50 inches).]

2Bt6--137 to 160 cm (54 to 63 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions in the matrix; stone line at lower boundary; 5 percent pebbles; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [13 to 51 cm (5 to 20 inches) thick]

3E1--160 to 175 cm (63 to 69 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; stone line at upper boundary; 10 percent pebbles; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

3E2--175 to 190 cm (69 to 75 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silt loam; moderate medium and thick platy structure; firm; few faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent pebbles; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

3BE--190 to 208 cm (75 to 82 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky and moderate medium platy structure; friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay depletions on faces of peds; 5 percent pebbles; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

3B't--208 to 236 cm (82 to 93 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds; few prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; common faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

4Cr--236 to 292 cm (93 to 115 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) weakly cemented sandstone and shale.

TYPE LOCATION: Fairfield County, Ohio; 2.5 miles east of Bremen, in Rushcreek Township; 650 feet south and 1,800 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 24, T. 16 N., R. 17 W.; USGS Bremen, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 41 minutes 50 seconds N. and long. 82 degrees 22 minutes 59 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 152 to 254 cm (60 to 100 inches)
Thickness of the loess: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Depth to carbonates: greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Redox features: iron depletions having chroma of 2 or less are above a depth of 102 cm (40 inches)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Some pedons have an E or BE horizon.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Sand content: 1 to 10 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Some pedons have a BC horizon.

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam
Sand content: 10 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

3E, 3BE, or 3B't horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Sand content: 10 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

4Cr horizon (below the series control section):
Bedrock: weakly or moderately cemented sandstone or shale
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ashburn, Blocher, Deuchars, Gallipolis, Percell, Stonehead, Tarhollow, and Westgate series. Ashburn soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Blocher soils have horizons with more than 10 percent sand within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Deuchars soils have more than 40 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. Gallipolis soils formed mainly in acid silty old alluvium. Percell and Stonehead soils have less than 10 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Tarhollow soils formed in 61 to 102 cm (24 to 40 inches) of loess over residuum from siltstone or shale. Westgate soils have a subhorizon with hue redder than 7.5YR within the argillic horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Jeneva soils are on till plains of Illinoian age. Slope ranges from 2 to 6 percent. The soils formed in loess, a thin layer of pedisediment, and a paleosol formed in till. Climate is humid and temperate. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 914 to 1143 mm (36 to 45 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C (51 to 57 degrees F). Frost-free period is 139 to 174 days. Elevation is 290 to 305 meters (950 to 1000 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alford, Cincinnati, Hickory, and Wellston soils. The well drained Alford soils are on nearby topographic positions. The moderately well drained Cincinnati soils are on similar landscape positions and have a fragipan. The well drained Hickory soils are on more sloping positions and have fine-loamy argillic horizons. The well drained Wellston soils have bedrock residuum within 102 cm (40 inches) and are on similar landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 61 to 107 cm (2.0 to 3.5 feet) between January and April in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is low or medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high. Permeability is moderate.

USE AND VEGETATION: Jeneva soils are cultivated. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, wheat, and legume-grass mixtures. Native vegetation is deciduous forest mostly of maple, tulip poplar, oak, and hickory.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Ohio; MLRA 114A. The series is of small extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fairfield County, Ohio, 1998.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 160 cm (Bt, 2Bt horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox features indicating wetness from 58 to 175 cm.

This series was formerly mapped as Hanover and Muren series.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data are available for FA-29, the typical pedon, and supporting data is available for FA-28 from the Soil Characterization Laboratory at The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.