LOCATION LIENDRE NM
Tentative Series
Rev. AJM
06/2022
LIENDRE SERIES
The Liendre series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately slowly or moderately permeable soils that formed in alluvium from sandstone and shale. Liendre soils occur on fan remnants along the baseline of Rocky Mountain foothills as they transition to the Great Plains. Slope ranges from 3 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 420 mm and mean annual soil temperature is about 11.6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Liendre sandy loam, fan remnants; rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; 70 percent sand; 10 percent clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure parts to moderate medium granular structure; friable, soft, nonsticky, slightly plastic; many fine roots and common medium roots and common very fine roots; many fine interstitial pores; 2 percent subrounded strongly cemented cobble fragments and 5 percent subrounded strongly cemented gravel fragments; noneffervescent; clear smooth boundary.
Bt1--10 to 35 centimeters (4 to 14 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; 60 percent sand; 23 percent clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parts to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots and common very fine roots; few medium interstitial and common very fine interstitial pores; 5 percent distinct clay films on rock fragments and 20 percent faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; 4 percent subrounded strongly cemented cobble fragments and 8 percent subrounded strongly cemented gravel fragments; noneffervescent; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--35 to 58 centimeters (14 to 23 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), dry; 43 percent sand; 28 percent clay; moderate medium prismatic structure, and moderate coarse angular blocky structure; firm, hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common fine roots and common very fine roots; common fine tubular and common medium tubular pores; 60 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent subrounded strongly cemented gravel fragments and 5 percent subrounded strongly cemented cobble fragments; noneffervescent; clear smooth boundary.
Btk--58 to 108 centimeters (23 to 43 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), dry; 60 percent sand; 24 percent clay; moderate medium angular blocky structure; friable, hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots and few very fine roots; many fine tubular and common medium tubular and common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 20 percent fine platy carbonate concretions on bottom of rock fragments and 6 percent fine dendritic carbonate masses lining pores; 5 percent subrounded strongly cemented gravel fragments and 5 percent subrounded strongly cemented cobble fragments; strong effervescence; clear smooth boundary.
BCk--108 to 160 centimeters (43 to 64 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) stratified sandy loam to very gravelly sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4), dry; 60 percent sand; 19 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure parts to structureless single grain structure; loose, loose, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many very fine interstitial pores; 20 percent fine platy carbonate masses around rock fragments; 2 percent subrounded strongly cemented cobble fragments and 8 percent subrounded strongly cemented gravel fragments; strong effervescence.
TYPE LOCATION: Colfax County, New Mexico; about 11 miles northwest of the town of Maxwell. Lat Lon: 36.6588, -104.6819 at 1971 m (6468') elevation.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Liendre soils have an aridic-ustic soil moisture regime and receive most of their precipitation during the months of May through September.
Ochric epipedon: from 8 to 20 cm thick
Argillic horizon: from 25 to 100 cm thick
Particle-size control section: 18 to 35 percent clay
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 3 percent from 0 to 25cm, less than 15 percent in any horizon below 25cm
Fragments: 2 to 15 percent in the top 50cm, and 2 to 40 percent in the subsoil; mixed, subrounded to rounded, gravels or cobbles present in any horizon.
Other features: Buried A, or C horizons (stratified layers with high amounts of sands and gravels) may occur below 100 cm depth in some pedons.
A horizons - Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR; Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
Thickness: 5 to 25 cm
Bt horizons - Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR; Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline
Thickness: 25 to 60 cm
Btk horizons - Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR; Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline
Thickness: 35 to 120 cm
C horizons - Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR; Value: 5 to 7 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: stratified sandy loam to loam- gravelly, very gravelly, and cobbly; and fine sandy loam
Reaction: strong to violent
Thickness: 50 to 120 cm
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Arnor (MLRA 48A),
Arwite (MLRA 58B),
Augustine (MLRA 38),
Bigbow (MLRA 77A),
Bosonoak (MLRA 35),
Carri (MLRA 38),
Celacy (MLRA 35),
Celavar (MLRA 35),
Dalhart (MLRA 77A),
Deekay (MLRA 58B),
Dermala (MLRA 36),
Elwop (MLRA 58B),
Evpark (MLRA 35),
Flugle (MLRA 35-36),
Fort Collins (MLRA 67),
Gateson (MLRA 58B),
Iwela (MLRA 35-36),
Lykorly (MLRA 35-39),
Maryrussell (MLRA 35),
Navajita (MLRA 36),
Nyjack (MLRA 36),
Oldwolf (MLRA 58B),
Olnest (MLRA 67),
Orlie (MLRA 36),
Parkelei (MLRA 35),
Pinitos (MLRA 35),
Rauzi (MLRA 58B),
Ribera (MLRA 70C),
Rockybutte (MLRA 58B),
Stoneham (MLRA 67B, 69, and 58B),
Toluca (MLRA 58A), and
Wagonhound (MLRA 67A).
Arnor,
Augustine,
Carri,
Dermala, and
Maryrussell soils are formed in materials from igneous parent materials.
Arnor,
Carri,
Celacy,
Celavar,
Elwop,
Evpark,
Gateson,
Nyjack,
Oldwolf, and
Ribera soils are moderately deep to bedrock.
Bigbow soils are formed in loess parent materials with no fragments.
Dalhart,
Flugle,
Fort Collins and
Parkelei soils formed in eolian sand sheets or have an eolian cap.
Dalhart,
Flugle, and
Fort Collins, and
Olnest soils formed in eolian sand sheets or have an eolian cap.
Navajita and
Nyjack soils formed from Ignimbrite materials and have a significant content of volcanic glass.
Rockybutte soils formed in porcelanite materials.
Olnest and
Stoneham soils formed in materials from the Ogallala
Formation and have mixed lithology and abundant secondary carbonates.
Carri and
Nyjack soils do not have secondary carbonates.
Arwite,
Augustine,
Bosonoak,
Deekay,
Elwop,
Gateson,
Oldwolf,
Rauzi,
Rockybutte,
Stoneham and
Toluca soils are colder and have a MAST below 50 Degrees F.
Celacy,
Celavar,
Dermala,
Flugle,
Maryrussell,
Parkelei,
Pinitos and
Wagonhound soils have a MAP below 15 inches.
Dermala,
Evpark,
Flugle,
Iwela,
Lykorly,
Maryrussell,
Navajita,
Nyjack,
Orlie,
Parkelei, and
Pinitos soils have a soil moisture control section that is usually moist in all parts during a period directly following the winter solstice.
Arwite,
Bigbow,
Dalhart,
Deekay,
Elwop,
Fort Collins,
Gateson,
Oldwolf,
Olnest,
Rauzi,
Rockybutte,
Stoneham,
Toluca, and
Wagonhound soils receive most of the annual precipitation in the spring or autumn months.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Liendre soils occur on alluvial fan remnants originating at the baseline of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. These fans are relatively steep, ranging from 3 to 8 percent in slope. Soils on these landforms contain coarse rounded to sub-rounded sandstone fragments (gravels and cobbles) which are evidence of their historical relationship to higher energy flood and stream deposits. The parent materials are derived from mostly sandstones and shales of the Raton, Vermejo, and Trinidad Formations with fragments mostly representing the sandstone but the fines being derived from sediment packages of either or both rock types. These fan remnants descend to, and are dissected by, modern drainageways and streams. The location of these fans, adjacent to the mountain front, causes them to be bracketed on the uphill side by landslide deposits, and on the downslope side by either lower relief fans or plateau interfluves.
Slope range: from 0 to 3 percent but can be as high as 8 percent along terrace risers.
Mean annual precipitation range: from 381 to 457 mm (15 to 18 in.)
Mean annual soil temperature range: from 9.4 to 14.4 degrees C (49 to 58 degrees F)
Mean annual air temperature range: from 8.3 to 12.8 degrees C (47 to 57 degrees F.)
The frost-free season range: from 130 to 175 days
Elevation range: from 1828 to 2133 m (6,000 to 7,000 feet)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
La Brier, Sapello and Philmont series, all of which have mollic epipedons. The La Brier and Sapello soils are located on ephemeral drainageways. Philmont soils are comingled on fan remnant positions and also adjacent plateau interfluves and are in a fine family class.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is medium on slopes less than 5 percent, high on steeper slopes. Wind erosivity is high when surface fragments are below 5 percent, moderate at higher surface fragment cover.
USE AND VEGETATION: Principal use is for dryland and irrigated cropland and pasture. This series is correlated to the Loamy Uplands ecosite GX070A01X003. However, due to its position in the landscape (high in elevation and exposed to cold air drainage from the Rocky Mountains), this soil occurs at the cooler end of the ecological range where the lower limit of frost-free days occurs within the LRU. Therefore, expect a higher occurrence of cool season plants such as western wheatgrass and bottlebrush squirreltail, and a corresponding decrease in warm season species, particularly broom snakeweed.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern New Mexico, LRR G, in MLRA 70A along the Canadian Plateaus of the Southwestern Great Plains; LRU 70A.1 (Canadian Plateaus). The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Colfax County, New Mexico, 2020. The name Liendre comes from the Liendre River flowing through Las Vegas, NM.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - (A horizon) 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in.).
Argillic horizon - (Bt and Btk horizons) 10 to 108 cm (4 to 43 in.)
Secondary carbonates - (Btk and BCK horizons) 58 to 160cm (23 to 63 in.)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
User Pedon ID: S2020NM007001
KSSL Lab Pedon #: 20N0587
Soils updated to the Liendre series were formerly correlated to a soil somewhat between the Berthoud and Mughouse series previously mapped in similar landscape positions. These soils were borrowed from other MLRAs well outside of the range of characteristics. This series was updated to reflect the unique characteristics corresponding to MLRA 70A soil properties.
Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy Twelfth Edition, 2014.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.