LOCATION MANTORVILLE MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Mantorville loam, on a northeast-facing, linear convex slope of 3 percent, in a non-cropped field, at an elevation of about 1,240 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
A--8 to 12 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; few fine and medium roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 18 inches.)
AB--12 to 15 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) and brown (10YR 4/3) loam; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular and subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--15 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam, moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint discontinuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots; about 5 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
2Bt2--26 to 30 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sandy loam; very weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few faint patchy dark yellowish brown (10YR3/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
2Bw--30 to 48 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) sand; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; gradual wavy smooth boundary. (0 to 30 inches thick)
2E&Bt--48 to 80 inches; yellow (10YR 7/6) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand (E); single grain; loose; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR4/4) loamy sand (Bt); weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; clay bridging between the sand grains; wavy and discontinuous 1/16 to 1/4 inch thick lamellae with total accumulation less than 3 inches thick; about 1 percent gravel; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 104-Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies; Dodge County, Minnesota subset; about 3 miles west and 1 mile north of Rock Dell; located about 1,135 feet south and 350 feet east of the northwest corner of section 1, T. 105 N., R. 16 W.; USGS Rock Dell topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 55 minutes 54 seconds N. and long. 92 degrees 41 minutes 49 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to outwash--20 to 40 inches
Clay content of the upper half of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--18 to 27 percent
Clay content of the lower half of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--2 to 8 percent
Sand content of the upper half of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--10 to 50 percent
Sand content of the lower half of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragments--0 to 2 percent cobbles, mixed lithology
A or Ap horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--loam or silt loam
Clay content--15 to 20 percent
Sand content--10 to 50 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral
AB or BA horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--3 or 4
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--loam or silt loam
Clay content--15 to 20 percent
Sand content--10 to 50 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--slightly acid or neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam
Clay content--15 to 30 percent
Sand content--10 to 50 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
2Bt horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 to 8
Texture--sandy loam or loamy sand
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 25 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
2Bw horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, or coarse sand or the gravelly analogues of these textures
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 25 percent
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
E part of 2E&Bt horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--sand or gravelly sand
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 25 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
Bt part of 2E&Bt horizon:
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--loamy sand, sand, loamy coarse sand, coarse sand or loamy fine sand or the gravelly analogues of these textures
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 25 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
Lamellae--hues of 5YR to 10YR and chroma of 4 to 8
2BC or C horizon (where present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sand, or coarse sand and/or their gravelly analogs
Clay content--5 to 15 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 25 percent, mixed lithology
Reaction--moderately acid or slightly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Dakota,
Lorenzo,
Nineveh,
Trempealeau, and
Warsaw series.
Dakota--does not have clay translocation beyond depths of 40 inches
Lorenzo--have carbonates starting at depths of 25 inches
Nineveh--have gravelly analogs in the argillic horizon
Trempealeau--do not allow sandy clay loam textures in the argillic horizon and do not allow gravelly analogs in the lower third of the series control section
Warsaw-have gravelly analogs in the argillic horizon
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--20 to 40 inches of loamy sediments and in the underlying sandy outwash
Landscape--till plains and terraces
Landform--hills
Slope--0 to 18 percent
Elevation--950 to 1,250 feet above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--45 to 52 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation--28 to 34 inches
Frost-free period--120 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Kenyon,
Marquis and
Racine soils.
Kenyon--have glacial till at depths of 12 to 24 inches
Marquis--have glacial till at depths of 12 to 24 inches
Racine--have glacial till at depths of 12 to 24 inches
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--4.23 to 14.11 micrometers per second (moderately high) in the loamy mantle and 42.34 to 141.14 micrometers per second (high) in the substratum
Surface runoff potential--negligible to medium
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses are cultivated crops or pasture.
Native vegetation was is prairie grasses and scattered oak trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
MLRA--Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies (104)
LRR M; southeastern Minnesota
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dodge County, Minnesota, 2005.
REMARKS: Mantorville soils replace Thurston and Wykoff soils in southeast Minnesota that are on upland old terrace systems which are considered to be older than the Wisconsin system. Lamellae have been observed to depths of about twelve feet.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Mollic epipedon--the zone from the 0 surface to a depth of 15 inches;
Argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 15 to 30 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons);
Udic moisture regime.
Lamellic feature - the zone from a depth of 48 to 80 inches (Bt part of the E&Bt horizon); total thickness of lamellae is less than 3 inches within a depth of 80 inches.
Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, ninth edition, 2003.