LOCATION MONTGOMERY IN+IL KY OH WI

Established Series
Rev. GRS-BGN
03/2011

MONTGOMERY SERIES

The Montgomery series consists of very deep, poorly drained or very poorly drained soils formed in fine-textured lacustrine sediments. These soils are dominantly on lake plains and to a lesser extent on slack water flood-plain steps. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C (54 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1067 mm (42 inches).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Vertic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Montgomery silty clay loam on a slightly concave depression in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 146 meters (480 feet) above MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A--28 to 38 cm (11 to 15 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is from 25 to 46 cm or 10 to 18 inches.)

Bg1--38 to 61 cm (15 to 24 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; firm; common faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) pressure faces on peds; common fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine faint black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; krotovinas of dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, 3 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) in diameter and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) apart extend vertically throughout; neutral; gradual irregular boundary.

Bg2--61 to 74 cm (24 to 29 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) pressure faces on peds; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; krotovinas of gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, 3 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) in diameter and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) apart extend vertically throughout; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bg3--74 to 97 cm (29 to 38 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; firm; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) pressure faces on peds; many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; few fine calcium carbonate nodules; krotovinas of gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, 3 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) in diameter and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) apart extend vertically throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bg horizons is 51 to 107 cm or 20 to 42 inches.)

BCg--97 to 122 cm (38 to 48 inches); gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; firm; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) pressure faces on peds; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many fine calcium carbonate nodules; krotovinas of gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, 3 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) in diameter and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) apart vertically throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 30 cm or 0 to 12 inches thick)

Cg--122 to 152 cm (48 to 60 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam; weak medium and coarse angular blocky structure (geogenic); firm; many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many fine calcium carbonate nodules; krotovinas of gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, 3 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) in diameter and 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) apart extend vertically throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Greene County, Indiana; about 1 mile southwest of Marco; 2,500 feet west and 380 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 26, T. 6 N., R. 7 W. USGS Sandborn, Indiana topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 55 minutes 25.165 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 09 minutes 25.043 seconds W., UTM Zone 16, 486384 easting and 4308319 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the cambic horizon: 76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 inches).
Particle-size control section: averages 40 to 50 percent clay and 2 to 10 percent sand.

Ap and A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: commonly silty clay loam or silty clay, and less commonly silt loam
Clay content: 24 to 45 percent
Sand content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to neutral

Upper Bg horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay
Clay content: 40 to 50 percent
Sand content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent

Lower Bg horizon, and BC or BCg horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Sand content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 30 percent

Cg or C horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: commonly silty clay or silty clay loam or stratified with these textures, and includes thin strata of silt loam
Clay content: 28 to 48 percent
Sand content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 35 percent

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Montgomery soils are dominantly on broad flats and on slight depressions of lake plains, and to a lesser extent on slack water flood-plain steps. Montgomery soils formed in fine-textured lacustrine sediments. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. The mean annual temperature ranges from
11 to 14 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation ranges from 1016 to 1168 mm (40 to 46 inches.) Frost free days are 150 to 210.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Booker, Kings, Markland, Mcgary, Shircliff and Zipp soils on lake plains. The very poorly drained Booker and Kings soils are in the smectitic mineralogy class, and are on depressions. The well drained Markland soils and moderately well drained Shircliff soils are on summits, shoulders and backslopes of dissected lake plains. The somewhat poorly drained McGary soils are on flats. The very poorly drained, lighter colored Zipp soils are in depressions and on flats.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained or very poorly drained. The potential for surface water runoff ranges from negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or moderately low (0.42 to 1.41 micrometers/s). Permeability is slow. In undrained areas, depth to an intermittent apparent high water table is from 0.3 meters (1 foot) above the soil surface to 0.15 meters (0.5 foot) below the soil surface from November through June in most years. In drained areas, depth to an intermittent apparent high water table is from 0.3 meters (1 foot) above the soil surface to 0.3 meters (1 foot) below the soil surface from December through April in most years. Where this soil is on flood-plain steps, it is subject to rare to frequent periods of flooding.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are used to grow corn and soybeans. A few areas are used to grow wheat. Native vegetation is dominantly herbaceous wetland, mixed with deciduous hardwood trees.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Ohio, and Kentucky. The series is of large extent, and is in many MLRA's. The series is mainly in MLRA's 114, 115,120 and 122. The type location is in MLRA 115A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Monroe County, Indiana, 1922.

REMARKS: This series has been correlated in MLRA's 94B, 99, 110, and 111. As soil surveys are updated in these MLRA's, the Montgomery series will be evaluated and correlated to series that are appropriate to those regions. The Vertic subgroup classification is considered tentative as it could be in the Typic subgroup. This will be investigated as more data is collected for this series. Undrained, drained, flooded and gravelly substratum phases are recognized, and the gravelly substratum phase may become a new series when the soil survey subsets with this phase are updated.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon: 1) mollic epipedon: the zone from 0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 inches) (Ap, A horizons); 2) Cambic horizon: the zone from 38 to 97 cm (15 to 38 inches) (Bg1, Bg2, Bg3 horizons); 3) Redox features - chroma of 2 or less immediately below the mollic epipedon.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data available from Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University: S60IN28-4 (typical pedon), S60IN28-3, S80IN175-1, and S79IN125-17.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.