LOCATION NEVIOT WATentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Vitrandic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Neviot stony ashy loam - rangeland, on a 63 percent northwest-facing slope at an elevation of 1,920 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) stony ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine, medium and coarse granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and common fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 15 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles and 1 percent surface stones; NaF pH 8.5; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
AB--6 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 25 [SW1]percent gravel; NaF pH 8.5; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
BA--12 to 22 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular and few very fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; NaF pH 9.0; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)
Bw1--22 to 40 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely[SW2] gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular and few tubular pores; 45 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; stone line at upper boundary; NaF pH 9.0; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--40 to 49 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; common very fine, few fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular and few tubular pores; 40 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; NaF pH 9.0; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bw horizon is 20 to 35 inches)
Bk--49 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; common prominent very pale brown (10YR 8/2) coatings on bottom of rock fragments; 40 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slight effervescence; NaF pH 9.5; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3).
TYPE LOCATION: Kittitas County, Washington, about 17 miles south of Kittitas; about 200 feet south and 800 feet west of the northeast corner of section 33, T. 15 N., R. 19 E.; USGS Wymer, Washington topographic quadrangle; Latitude - 46 degrees, 45 minutes, 06 seconds and Longitude - 120 degrees, 26 minutes, 49 seconds W. (NAD27).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The average annual soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is 47 to 54 degrees F.. These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for 100 to 120 days following the summer solstice. The mollic epipedon is 20 to 35 inches thick and may include the 2BA horizon. The upper 7 to 17 inches has an estimated bulk density of 1.15 to 1.30 grams per cubic centimeter, volcanic glass content of 5 to 20 percent, acid oxalate aluminum plus one-half extractable iron of 0.4 to 0.7 percent and 15-bar water retention of 5 to 10 percent for air dried samples. The particle-size control section averages 15 to 25 percent clay and 35 to 60 percent rock fragments. Organic matter is estimated to range from 2 to 3 percent in the A horizon. Base saturation throughout the upper 30 inches is greater than 75 percent. Depth to secondary carbonates is 44 to 60 inches.
The A horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry and 2 or 3 moist.
The AB horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 moist.
The BA horizon is very gravelly loam or very cobbly loam. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The Bw horizons have value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 3 or 4, dry or moist. Texture is very gravelly loam or very cobbly loam [SW3]in the upper part and very gravelly loam, extremely gravelly loam , very cobbly loam or extremely cobbly loam in the lower part. Reaction is neutral or slightly alkaline in the upper part and slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the lower part.
The Bk horizon has value of 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist and chroma of 2 to 4, dry or moist. Texture is very gravelly loam, extremely gravelly loam or extremely cobbly loam. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Brickmill (T),
Eaglespring,
Foggydew,
Garrison,
Metmill (T),
Northstar,
Opportunity (T),
Peka,
Thuso, and
Wagberg soils.
Brickmill soils redox features at 30 to 40 inches (oxyaquic); mollic epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick; pscs with 5 to 15 percent clay and 45 to 70 percent sand
Eaglespring soils 40 to 60 inches to lithic contact (sediments); lack redox features
Foggydew soils 40 to 60 inches to lithic contact (andesite); dry 90 to 105 consecutive days following summer solstice; lack redox features
Garrison soils dry 60 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 12 to 20 inches thick; 44 to more than 60 inches to secondary CaCO3
Metmill soils redox features at 20 to 30 inches (oxyaquic); dry 60 to 75 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 30 to 60 inches thick
Neviot soils - dry 100 to 120 consecutive days following summer solstice; 44 to 60 inches to secondary CaCO3; pscs has 15 to 25 percent clay; mollic 20 to 35
Northstar soils 20 to 40 inches to lithic contact (rhyodacite); dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice
Opportunity soils - dry 60 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick; 36 to 60 inches to sandy-skeletal material
Peka soils 40 to 60 inches to densic contact (Cd); dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 18 inches thick
Thuso soils - dry 90 to 105 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 25 inches thick; pscs has 8 to 18 percent clay
Wagberg soils - dry 90 to 105 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 18 inches thick; 40 to more than 60 inches to bedrock
Soils with a similar isotic mineralogy classification include:
Borgeau,
Emily,
Lenz,
Louiecreek, Raiso,
Sinlahekin,
Speigle,
Vanbrunt, and
Whitestone series.
Borgeau soils - dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 17 inches thick; pscs has 10 to 18 percent clay
Emily soils 40 to more than 60 inches to bedrock; base saturation estimated at less than 75 percent in some part between 10 and 30 inches
Lenz soils 20 to 40 inches to lithic contact (granite)
Louiecreek soils - dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 7 to 15 inches thick; pscs has 8 to 15 percent clay
Raiso soils - dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; pscs dominated by channer and flagstone shaped rock fragments of shale origin
Sinlahekin soils - dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 18 inches thick; pscs has 3 to 8 percent clay and rock fragments of glacial outwash origin
Speigle soils - dry 60 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 20 inches thick; pscs has 10 to 20 percent clay; base saturation estimated at less than 75 percent in some part between 10 and 30 inches
Vanbrunt soils 20 to 40 inches to lithic contact (quartz monzonite); dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 7 to 13 inches thick; pscs has 3 to 8 percent clay
Whitestone soils - dry 75 to 90 consecutive days following summer solstice; mollic epipedon 10 to 19 inches thick; pscs has 3 to 8 percent clay
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Neviot soils are on hillslopes and canyon walls and have slopes of 30 to 75 percent. These soils formed in colluvium from basalt and loess with an influence of volcanic ash in the surface. Elevations are 1,300 to 2,900 feet. These soils are in a semiarid climate with warm dry summers and cool moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 12 to 15 inches. The average January temperature is about 25 degrees F. and the average July temperature is about 69 degrees F. The mean annual air temperature is 46 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free season is 130 to 170 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Cheviot, Horseflat, Palerf and Vantage soils. Cheviot soils are on footslopes and side slopes and have mollic epipedons 10 to 17 inches thick. Horseflat soils are on hillslopes and canyon walls and have lithic contact at a depth of 12 to 20 inches. Palerf soils are on hillslopes, are clayey-skeletal and have a lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Vantage soils are on plateaus, ridgetops, benches and hillslopes, are clayey-skeletal and have a lithic contact at a depth of 12 to 20 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; very rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, Wyoming big sagebrush and threetip sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kittitas County, Washington; MLRA 8. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES PROPOSED: Kittitas County, Washington, 1999. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon (pachic) - the zone from 0 to 22 inches (A, AB and BA horizons)
Cambic horizon - the zone from 22 to 49 inches (Bw horizon)
Particle Size Control Section - the zone from 10 to 40 inches (part of AB, BA and Bw1 horizons)
Vitrandic feature - the zone from 0 to 12 inches (A and AB horizons)
Soil moisture regime - xeric bordering on aridic