LOCATION PROCHASKA IN
Established Series
Rev. JRB-JWH-HRS
09/2012
PROCHASKA SERIES
The Prochaska series consists of deep, very poorly drained, rapidly permeable soils on flood plains. These soils formed in sandy alluvial deposits. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 37 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 51 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Prochaska loamy sand - on a nearly level concave slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and very fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A12--9 to 12 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; few fine distinct brown (10YR 4/3) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and very fine roots; medium acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon ranges from 10 to 20 inches.)
B2lg--12 to 18 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sand; many medium faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine roots; many thin black (10YR 2/1) lenses of sand and loamy sand; medium acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)
B22g--18 to 24 inches; black (10YR 2/1) sand; many fine distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) mottles weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and very fine roots; many reddish brown (5YR 4/4) and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) fillings of old root channels; medium acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
C1g--24 to 32 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; many medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1), common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; single grain; loose; few very fine roots; many thin very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sand and loamy sand lenses; few thin black (N 2/0) lenses of sapric material; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
C2g--32 to 52 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) coarse sand; many medium faint gray (10YR 5/1), common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; single grain; loose; many thin black (N 2/0) lenses of sapric material; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 16 inches thick)
C3g--52 to 60 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand; common medium faint gray (10YR 5/1), common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; single grain; loose; few thin black (N 2/0) sapric muck lenses; few thin very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sand lenses; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Starke County, Indiana; about 2 1/2 miles north and 1 mile east of North Judson; 120 feet east and 2,300 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 3, T. 32 N., R. 3 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 20 to 36 inches thick.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2 or is black (N 2/0). It is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or sand and strongly acid to neutral.
The B2g horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand. Thin lenses of muck, sand, and loamy sand with chroma of 0 to 2 are usually present. Reaction is medium acid to neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is sand, loamy sand, or coarse sand. Thin lenses of muck, sand, and loamy sand with chroma of 0 to 2 are usually present. Reaction is medium acid to neutral to a depth of 40 inches and slightly acid or neutral below a depth of 40 inches.
COMPETING SERIES: The
Erber series is the only other member of this family. Series in closely related families are the
Algansee,
Cohoctah,
Gilford,
Glendora,
Granby,
Maumee,
Morocco,
Newton, and
Watseka soils. Erber soils have more silt and clay in the upper part of the control section, have salt and gypsum crystals, and range from neutral to strongly alkaline. Algansee and Morocco soils are better drained and lack dominant low chroma colors in the upper part of the solum. Cohoctah and Gilford soils are coarse- loamy. Glendora soils lack a mollic epipedon and are less acid. Gilford, Granby, Maumee, Morocco, Newton, and Watseka soils have a content of organic carbon that decreases regularly with increasing depth. In addition, Newton soils are more acid, and Watseka soils are better drained.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Prochaska soils are on broad low- lying areas, in depressional areas, along drainageways, and in old stream channels on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Prochaska soils formed in sandy alluvial deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 39 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 49 to 53 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Adrian,
Algansee,
Granby,
Maumee,
Morocco, and
Suman soils. Adrian soils are in more depressional areas and formed in muck over sand. Algansee and Morocco soils are on ridges and knolls and lack mollic epipedons. Granby and Maumee soils are on slightly higher areas and lack stratification. Suman soils are in the same setting as Prochaska soils and have more clay in the upper part of the solum.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Runoff is very slow or ponded. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Prochaska soils are drained and are cultivated. Corn and soybeans are the principal crops; small grain and specialty crops are also grown. A few areas are used for hay and pasture. Native vegetation was red elm, silver maple, pin oak, and river birch.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Indiana, and possibly southwestern Michigan and northeastern Illinois. Series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Starke County, Indiana, 1980.
REMARKS: The Prochaska series includes soils previously mapped as the Maumee series in northwestern Indiana.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.