LOCATION SEBBO WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Sebbo loam - on a northwest facing concave 4 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 820 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, pale brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 24 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; few faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clean sand grains coating vertical faces of some peds; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--24 to 32 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--32 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) and common coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; few thin (< 1/8 inch) strata of brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) fine sand; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt4--38 to 54 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 30 inches or more).
C--54 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Jackson County, Wisconsin; about 0.25 miles north and 0.5 miles east of Melrose; 2425 feet south and 2455 feet west of the northeast corner, sec. 9, T. 19 N., R. 5 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 40 to 80 inches or more. The particle-size control section contains from 18 to 25 percent clay, 15 to 40 percent fine sand or coarser, and 35 percent or more silt as a weighted average. Total sand content in any part of the control section is 52 percent or less. Coarse fragments are mainly sandstone channers, but some pedons have some angular chert gravel. Volume of sandstone channers and chert gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent throughout. Free carbonates are absent. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the solum, but ranges to neutral in the upper part where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the substratum. Redox features are in the lower part of the series control section, and saturation occurs below 40 inches at some time in most years.
The Ap horizon has value and chroma of 2 or 3. Value dry is less than 5.5. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam or silt loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. It is loam or silt loam. Clay content ranges from 15 to 26 percent in individual subhorizons in the Bt.
The C horizon has color and texture like the Bt horizon described above.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Argyle, Baltimore, Bassett, Blooming, Cadmus, Caleb, Dowagiac, Dunbridge, Gara, Glenhall, Koronis, Lauramie, Lester, Longlois, Lydick, Mohawk, Neda, Newcomer, Octagon, Oneco, Orwood, Racine, Razort, Taopi, Waucoma, and Winneshiek series. Argyle soils average 27 to 35 percent clay in the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon and have hue of 5YR or redder (on ped faces or in the matrix) in some part of the 2Bt horizon. Baltimore, Blooming, Dowagiac, Koronis, Lauramie, Lester, Longlois, Lydick, Newcomer, Orwood, Razort, Taopi, Waucoma, and Winneshiek series all are well drained and do not have a water table. Bassett and Racine soils have rock fragments that have igneous lithology in the till in the lower part of the series control section. Cadmus, Glenhall, and Octagon soils will be reclassified as Oxyaquic Hapludalfs. Mohawk and Neda soils have free carbonates in the control section. Also, Mohawk soils have soft shale fragments in the control section. Caleb soils have 32 to 36 percent clay in some subhorizon of the argillic and have subhorizons in the control section that contain more than 52 percent sand. Dunbridge soils have a lithic contact at depths between 20 and 40 inches. Gara soils average 32 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon. Oneco soils have a lithic contact at depths between 40 and 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sebbo soils are on valley sides in bedrock controlled uplands. These soils formed in loamy and silty colluvium derived from loess mixed with sand from the local sandstone. Slopes range from 1 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 46 to 52 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 135 to 160 days. Elevation ranges from 680 to 1360 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Council, Gale, Gardenvale, Hixton and Seaton soils. The well drained Council soils are nearby on hills where there is less clay in the soil. The well drained Gale and Hixton soils are nearby on hills where the silty or loamy mantle is underlain by sandstone at 20 to 40 inches. The well-drained Gardenvale soils are nearby on hills where the loamy mantle in underlain by sandstone at 40 to 60 inches. The well drained Seaton soils are nearby on hills where there is a loess mantle more than 60 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium. Permeability is moderate. These soils have a perched seasonal water table at 3.5 to 6.0 feet at some time during the period October to May in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas have been cleared and are used for cropland. Corn, small grains, and hay are the common crops. Other areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is hardwood forest. Common trees are black oak, northern red oak, white oak, red maple, American basswood, and paper birch.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West-central Wisconsin. Sebbo soils are of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jackson County, Wisconsin, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 9 inches (Ap); argillic horizon - 9 to 44 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0557.