LOCATION SKIME MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Oxyaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Skime loamy fine sand, on an east-facing, convex, 3 percent slope under native grass, at an elevation of about 1,105 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loamy fine sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; neutral; (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
E--6 to 17 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sand; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; very friable; common very fine roots; neutral; (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bt--17 to 22 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine roots; few faint discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
C1--22 to 38 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sand; few fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) Fe concentrations; single grain; loose; few very fine roots; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary.
C2--38 to 52 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sand; few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) Fe concentrations; single grain; loose; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; (pH 7.8); gradual wavy boundary.
C3--52 to 72 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sand; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) Fe concentrations; single grain; loose; few fine prominent black (N 2/0) Mn nodules between sand grains; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; (pH 7.8); gradual wavy boundary.
C4--72 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) stratified fine sand, very fine sandy loam and silt loam; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; massive; very friable; few fine faint light gray (10YR 7/2) threads and soft masses of lime between peds; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; (pH 7.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Roseau County, Minnesota; located about 2,600 feet south and 800 feet west of the northeast corner of section 31, T. 161 N., R. 38 W.; USGS Wannaska NE topographic quadrangle; lat. 48 degrees 43 minutes 11 seconds N. and long. 95 degrees 35 minutes 47 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to carbonates is 14 to 24 inches. The particle-size control section averages 10 to 18 percent clay. Rock fragments are typically lacking in the series control section.
The A or Ap horizon has a hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5 moist or 4 to 6 dry, and chroma of 1 to 3 moist or dry. It is loamy fine sand, fine sand or loamy sand. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
The E horizon has a hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loamy sand, loamy fine sand or fine sand. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
The Bt horizon has a hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam, sandy loam or loamy fine sand. It averages 10 to 18 percent clay. In places lamellae occur as bands 1/4 to 2 inches thick. Reaction is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a Bk horizon with colors and textures similar to the C horizon.
The C horizon has a hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, very fine sand, fine sand or sand. In some pedons the C horizon is stratified with these textures. Reaction is neutral to moderately alkaline.
Some pedons have a 2C horizon with a hue of 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2. It is silt loam or very fine sandy loam or silt loam stratified with thin bands of clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Hoist and Leander series. Hoist soils have a densic contact above a depth of 60 inches. Leander soils have do not have carbonates above a depth of 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Skime soils have plane or slightly convex slopes on glacial lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 4 percent. The soil formed in sandy and silty glaciolacustrine sediments of late Wisconsinan age. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 19 to 24 inches. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 36 to 45 degrees F. Elevation ranges from 785 to 1350 feet. The frost-free period is 90 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Augsburg, Borup, Glyndon, Hiwood, Redby and Zippel soils. The poorly drained Augsburg, Borup and Zippel soils are on lower lying broad flats and in swales and have a mollic epipedon. Glyndon soils have a calcic horizon within 16 inches of the surface, are silty throughout the profile and have a mollic epipedon. Hiwood and Redby soils are in similar positions but are sandy throughout the profile.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is moderately rapid or rapid. Surface runoff is slow. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table at a depth of 2 to 3.5 feet for 1 monthly or more per year at some time during the period October to June in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of these soils are cropped to small grain, sunflowers or alfalfa. Some areas are in pasture. Native vegetation is tall grass prairie interspersed with pockets of aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwest Minnesota. This series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Roseau County, 1999.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 17 inches (Ap and E horizons);
Albic - the zone from 6 to 17 inches (E horizon)
Argillic horizon - from a depth of 17 to 22 inches (Bt horizon).
Oxyaquic subgroup- one or more layers are frequently saturated with water within a depth of 1 meter in normal years.