LOCATION SPARTANBURG SC+NCTentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Spartanburg sandy loam, on a 15 percent slope, in a woodland area of mixed hardwoods. (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2); sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, non-sticky, non-plastic; few very coarse and many coarse, medium, and fine roots; common fine tubular pores; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 8 inches thick)
A2--2 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3); sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable, non-sticky, non-plastic; few very coarse and many coarse, medium, and fine roots; common fine tubular pores; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
BA--5 to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few very coarse, many coarse and medium, and few fine roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. 0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 24 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; few medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few very coarse, common coarse, medium, and fine roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--24 to 37 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; common medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--37 to 44 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; many coarse distinct red (2.5YR 4/8), common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6), and few medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--44 to 50 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay loam; common medium distinct red (2.5YR 4/8) and common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; 5 percent pararock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons 20 to 45 inches thick)
Cr--50 to 72 inches; slightly weathered mica biotite gneiss; weakly cemented; high excavation difficulty.
TYPE LOCATION: Spartanburg County, South Carolina; about 6 miles northeast of Spartanburg, South Carolina from the junction of US Highway 29 and Secondary Road 57, 0.2 mile south on Secondary Road 57, 920 feet west (270 degrees); USGS Pacolet SC topographic quadrangle; lat. 34 degrees 59 minutes 24.6 seconds N. and long. 81 degrees 50 minutes 10.4 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 2 to 15 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 20 to 55 inches
Depth to Bedrock: 40 to 60 inches to soft bedrock and greater than 60 inches to hard bedrock
Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 60 percent, by volume in the A and E horizons and 0 to 35 percent in the B horizon, and 0 to 65 percent in the C horizon; commonly gravel, cobbles, or stones, but may include channers or flagstones
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to moderately acid, in the A horizon and very strongly acid to moderately acid in the B and C horizons, unless limed
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume mica flakes in the A horizon and the upper part of the B horizon and 0 to 35 percent in the lower part of the B horizon and the C horizon
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A horizon or Ap horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 8. Eroded phases include hue of 2.5YR
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam. Eroded phases include sandy clay loam or clay loam.
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
BE or BA horizon:
Color-hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam or clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 4 to 8. Hue of 5YR more commonly occurs in the lower part of the horizon.
Mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, brown, and yellow
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--clay, clay loam, or sandy clay
BC or CB horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10R to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Mottles--shades of red, brown, and yellow
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8, or it is mottled in shades of red, brown, or yellow
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam saprolite
Cr horizon:
Bedrock kind--schist or gneiss
Bedrock hardness--extremely weakly cemented to moderately cemented
Fracture interval--greater than 4 inches
Excavation difficulty--low to high
R horizon (if it occurs):
Bedrock kind--schist or gneiss
Bedrock hardness--strongly cemented to indurated
COMPETING SERIES:
Cecil soils--are very deep
Pacolet soils--are very deep and the clayey part of argillic horizon is less than 25 thick
Appling soils--are very deep and have a browner subsoil
Wedowee soils--are very deep and have a browner subsoil
Bethlehem soils--are 20 to 40 inches to paralithic contact
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont upland
Landform: Hill, ridge
Geomorphic Component: Crest, side slope, nose slope, head slope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, backslope
Parent Material: Residuum from felsic or intermediate metamorphic or igneous rock; commonly schist or gneiss
Slope: 2 to 60 percent
Elevation: 300 to 1200 feet
Frost Free Period: 173 to 220 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 59 to 62 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 55 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bethlehem soils--are 20 to 40 inches to soft bedrock; on similar landforms
Cecil soils--are very deep; on similar landforms
Cliffside soils--loamy-skeletal subsoil and 20 to 40 inches to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Hiwassee soils--formed in old alluvium; on adjacent high terraces
Lloyd soils--formed in residuum from hornblende gneiss or hornblende schist; on similar landforms
Madison soils--formed in residuum from crystalline rocks high in mica; on similar landforms
Masada soils--formed in old alluvium; on adjacent high terraces
Pacolet soils--are very deep; on similar landforms
Rion soils--are very deep and are fine-loamy; on similar landforms
Saw soils--are 20 to 40 inches to hard bedrock; on similar landforms
Wedowee soils--have a browner subsoil; on similar landforms
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Depth Class: Deep (40 to 60 inches) to soft bedrock
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Low to high
Permeability: Moderate
Shrink-Swell Potential: Low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Woodland and pasture and limited cultivated crops
Dominant Vegetation: Where forested--shortleaf pine, Virginia pine, loblolly pine, red oak, white oak, post oak, chestnut oak, hickory, blackgum, red maple, yellow poplar, and dogwood. Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, small grain, and hay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: South Carolina, North Carolina, and possibly Virginia and Georgia
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES PROPOSED: Spartanburg County, South Carolina, 2008.
REMARKS: Spartanburg soils were previously mapped with the Cecil, Pacolet, Madison, Bethlehem, and Saw series. Cecil, Pacolet, and Madison soils are very deep to bedrock and Madison soils have high mica content in the lower B and C horizons. Bethlehem soils are moderately deep to paralithic contact and Saw soils are moderately deep to lithic contact.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 5 inches (A1 and A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 5 to 50 inches (BA and Bt horizons)
Kandic horizon--the zone from 5 to 50 inches (BA and Bt horizons)
Paralithic contact--bedrock contact at a depth of 50 inches (upper boundary of the Cr layer)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data: No laboratory data available. Data from the nearby Pacolet and Cecil series sites support the kandic diagnostic horizon and kaolinitic mineralogy.
Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation SPARTANBURG 2-60 59-62 173-220 40-55 300-1400FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NONE >6.0 - - 40-60 SOFT
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- 0-5 SL FSL L 0-5 80-100 7-20 2-7 0-5 GR-SL GRV-SL GR-SCL 0-20 35-76 7-35 2-10 0-5 CB-SL 15-30 45-80 7-20 2-7 5-10 SCL GR-SCL 0-20 50-100 20-35 4-8 10-50 C CL GR-C GR-CL 0-10 60-100 35-60 7-16 50-72 WB - - - -
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll 0-5 4.5-6.0 1.0-3.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW 5-10 4.5-6.0 0.5-1.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW 10-50 4.5-6.0 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW 50-72 - - - - -