LOCATION TALALA OK+KS

Established Series
Rev. GFS-JCP
10/2018

TALALA SERIES

The Talala series consists of shallow over dense fill, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in reclaimed mine spoils that have had the topsoil replaced. The surface is composed of salvaged topsoil from pre-mine soils. The substratum material is formed from replaced rock and soil fragments from shale, limestone, and sandstone of Pennsylvanian age. Slope ranges from 1 to 10 percent. Mean annual air temperature is 16 degrees C (60 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation is 1140 mm (45 inches).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, spolic, mixed, active, nonacid, thermic, shallow Anthrodensic Udorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Talala gravelly clay loam on a 1 percent slope in pasture, at an elevation of 232 meters (762 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

^Ap1--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly clay loam; weak very fine angular blocky structure parting to weak very thin platy; very hard, firm; many fine roots; shale, limestone, and sandstone fragments less than 76 mm diameter make up 20 percent by volume; few fragments (2%) of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay believed to be remnants of the Bt horizon; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 inches) thick]

^Ap2--8 to 28 cm (3 to 11 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly clay loam; massive, cloddy; very hard, firm; few fine roots; shale, limestone, and sandstone fragments less than 76 mm diameter make up 20 percent by volume; few fragments (2%) of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay believed to be remnants of the Bt horizon; moderately alkaline; few strongly effervescent spots (HCl, unspecified); abrupt wavy boundary. [13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

^Cd--28 to 203 cm (11 to 80 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) extremely gravelly clay loam; massive; extremely hard, very firm; limestone and sandstone fragments make up 70 percent by volume; shale pararock fragments make up 10 percent by volume; these materials have been excavated as overburden, churned, and replaced during strip mining; discreet fragments range from 1 cm to 100 cm diameter; cobbles, stones, and boulders make up 30 percent of the fragments; some of the clay appears to be the result of weathering of the shale; very few fine roots in cracks; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Rogers County, Oklahoma; about 3 miles west of Foyil, 250 feet south and 200 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 35, T. 23 N., R. 16 E. USGS Foyil topographic quadrangle; lat. 36.436793 degrees and long. -95.578467 degrees, WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Coal fragments: Fragments of coal range from about 0 to 5 percent in all horizons.
Randomly arranged fragments of argillic horizons and mollic epipedons may occur in any horizon(s).
Soil Moisture: udic soil moisture regime.
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average): 18 to 35 percent (0 to 11 inches)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: gravelly clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or gravelly silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 1 to 30 percent
Rock fragment kind: dominantly limestone and sandstone
Pararock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent
Pararock fragment kind: shale
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline
Surface stones: cover of limestone flagstones ranges from 0 to 10 percent

Cd horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: extremely gravelly clay loam or extremely gravelly silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 35 to 90 percent
Rock fragment kind: limestone or sandstone with colors of gray, brown, yellow, or white
Reaction: mildly alkaline to moderately alkaline

Notes: Some pedons are calcareous due to the presence of limestone. Pockets or fragments of an argillic horizon similar to those of the associated Mollisols make up less than 3 percent by volume. The fragments of former argillic horizons have higher chroma than the Cd horizon

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Talala soils are on summits of hills created as a result of strip mining operations. Reclamation operations resulted in landforms similar to pre-mining contours. Slope ranges from 1 to 12 percent. The soils were excavated and replaced with loamy material weathered from sandstone, shale, and limestone of Pennsylvanian age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 965 to 1320 mm (38 to 52 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 14 to 17 degrees C (57 to 62 degrees F). Frost-free period is 200 to 240 days. Elevation is 152 to 305 meters (500 to 1000 feet) above mean sea level. Thornthwaite annual P-E indces is greater than 64.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bates, Brazilton, Claremore, Collinsville, Coweta, Dennis, Endsaw, Eram, Foyil, Hector, Kanima, Okemah, Parsons, and Summit series. Bates, Claremore, Collinsville, Coweta, Dennis, Endsaw, Eram, Hector, Okemah, Parsons, and Summit soils have not been mined and do not have an excavated and replaced solum and substratum. Bates, Claremore, Dennis, Okemah, Parsons, and Summit soils have argillic horizons and mollic epipedons. Endsaw and Eram soils have argillic horizons. Coweta and Collinsville soils are shallow to undisturbed sandstone and have mollic epipedons. Brazilton soils have had the subsoil replaced, are fine textured, lack fragments or pararock fragments, and are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep over replaced shale overburden. Foyil soils are fine textured, have a Cd horizon, and are moderately deep over the dense, replaced substratum. Kanima soils are loamy skeletal and do not have a replaced topsoil with mollic colors.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRUALIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Well drained. Potential for surface runoff is low to medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high (1.4 to 4 micrometers per second) in the upper part of the series control section and moderately low to moderately high (0.4 to 5 micrometers per second) in the lower part.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for pasture, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Vegetation is mainly fescue, bermudagrass, legumes, annual grasses, and weeds. Winged elm, common hackberry, and Osageorange trees are invading some sites.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 112 (Cherokee Prairies) in Oklahoma. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES PROPOSED: Rogers County, Oklahoma, 2003.

REMARKS: These soils are the result of post-1977 strip mine reclamation. The landscape was returned to its original elevation and contour, and topsoil was returned to the site. The substratum is a mixture of shale, limestone, and sandstone overburden moved during mining. The topsoil was stripped and replaced on-site or on adjacent mined sites. Constructed drainage channels and rectangular or linear ponds are characteristic of reclaimed areas.

Diagnostic horizon and features in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: The zone from 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches)
ochric epipedon: 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches) - This horizon is composed of former mollic epipedons from the original soils. It meets the color and organic carbon requirement for the mollic epipedon, but is hard and massive when dry.
Densic contact: 28 cm (11 inches) - dense, root restricting earthy material mixed with limestone and sandstone rock fragments. Base saturation is more than 35 percent.
Udic moisture regime: moisture control section is dry in some part less than 90 days per year

Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, twelfth edition, 2014.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.